奈米鈣矽肥對水稻生產之影響

Effects of nano-calcium and nano-silicon fertilizer on rice production

楊獻皓(Xian-Hao Young) ； 劉珈羽(Jia-Yu Liu) ； 趙雲洋(Yun-Yang Chao)

《中華民國雜草學會會刊》 40卷1期 (2019/06) Pp. 27-39

https://doi.org/10.6274/WSSROC.201906_40(1).0003

摘要

矽為水稻有益元素，鈣可促進作物根系發育，故本試驗分析矽與鈣對水稻生長與品質之影響。試驗中以紅藜發酵液肥作為追肥，以探討矽與鈣對水稻的效益，並作為以有機液肥栽種水稻可行性的參考。試驗結果顯示，水稻經奈米鈣矽肥處理之分蘗數與葉面積，在生長初期時明顯比未處理組佳，但至生長後期時則效果不明顯；奈米鈣矽處理後之水稻株高為66公分，明顯低於未處理組75公分。水稻生長至黃熟期時測量莖稈抗倒伏能力，試驗結果可知，奈米鈣矽處理之抗倒伏強度為388Kpa明顯高於未處理組226Kpa，顯示鈣矽肥處理後可提升水稻抗倒伏能力。在米質檢測方面，奈米鈣矽處理之糙米完整粒、未成熟粒、被害粒與死米均比未處理組佳。奈米鈣矽處理之直鏈澱粉含量為19.9%高於未處理組為18.6%，及已煮熟米飯測得知奈米鈣矽處理之米粒外觀、黏度及食味均高於未處理組。由以上結果顯示奈米鈣矽處理不僅可增加水稻莖稈的強韌性更可提升稻米的品質。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 台灣藜發酵液肥 ； 奈米鈣矽肥 ； 農藝性狀 ； 米質

並列摘要

Silicon is a beneficial element for the growth of rice crops, whereas calcium is known to promote root development in some crops. Therefore, this study examined the effects of silicon and calcium on the growth and quality of rice crops. In this study, liquid fertilizer fermented from diljus (Chenopodium formasanum Koidz) was used as top dressing to check the feasibility of using liquid organic fertilizers with silicon and calcium for rice cultivation. The results showed that in rice plants treated with nano calcium silicate (NCS), the tiller number and leaf surface area of rice plants were significantly better in the early phase of growth compared with those of untreated plants. However, the results were not significant in the latter phase of growth. The height of rice plants after treatment with NCS was 66 cm, which was significantly lower than that of untreated plants (75 cm). We measured the lodging resistance of rice at yellow-ripe stage. The lodging resistance of rice plants treated with NCS was 388 Kpa, which was significantly higher than that of untreated plants (226 Kpa). This shows that treatment with calcium silicate fertilizer can increase the lodging resistance of rice plants. With respect to rice quality, NCS treatment resulted in better sound grain, immature grain, damaged grain, and dead kernels of brown rice than without treatment. The amylose content of the NCS treated crops was 19.9%, which was higher than that of untreated plants (18.6%). In addition, measurements of cooked rice grains showed that the appearance, viscosity, and taste of rice crops treated with NCS were better than those of untreated crops. The above results showed that treatment with NCS not only increases the toughness of rice stalk but also improves rice quality. i

並列關鍵字

Oryza sativa L ； djulis (Chenopodium formasanum Koidz) fermentation liquid fertilizer ； nano calcium silicon fertil ze ； agronomy traits ； rice quality