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單調內插格式對半拉格朗日法影響的數值研究

Numerical Tests on Using a Monotonic Interpolation Function in Semi-Langrangian Schemes

摘要


在半拉格朗日法(semi-Lagrangian scheme)計算的過程中,當被平流量的梯度很重要或被平流量為正定量時,使用高次多項式內插所產生的非物理性雜波會造成很大的誤差,甚至可能引發不穩定。因此在被平流量為單調時,如能確保內插結果的單調性,則可避免此誤差來源。本文發展一判斷單調性以修正內插值的方法,並以一至三維方式作理想個案測試,同時與Sun et al.與Nair et al.的方法比較,以評估其效果差異。在以二維旋轉風場平流方形波的測試中,使用不同單調方法的結果顯示不加單調性修正時,高階內插造成的雜波充滿了整個積分區域,而使用新法能有效地去除所有雜訊。以三維旋轉風場平流方形波的測試,則發現新法的對稱性佳,overshooting也最小。在二維變形場平流圓錐的測試中,短時間的數值解與Staniforth and Côté得到的解析解相當接近;而在長時間積分的測試中,使用新法降低了由於使用三次樣條函數導致的不穩定度。由於本文使用的三種判斷單調性方式,在計算上相當簡單,而且能夠容易地加入像cascade法(Purser and Leslie)或者方向分離法這樣一系列的一維內插中,因而適用於三維的數值模擬中。

並列摘要


Numerical oscillations are generated by using high order polynomials in semi-Lagrangian advection schemes for strong gradient situations. In this paper, we develop a new method to filter out these oscillations and compare the results of one to three dimensional ideal tests with the filters proposed by previous studies. The 1D test shows that our new filter and one of Sun et al.'s filters have less damping effect for waves with wavelength longer than 2□x. In the 2D and 3D rotating tests, the shape of the square block is better preserved with our new filter and wiggles can be much reduced by a hybrid of these filters. Although cubic splines are showed to be unstable for 2D deformation flow experiments, hybrid filters can suppress such instability. All the filters examined in this paper are computationally efficient and can be easily applied in semi-Lagrangian schemes, especially formulated in a series of 1D interpolations such as the cascade method proposed by Purser and Leslie or dimensional splitting procedures.

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