- 期刊
木材之化學改質及其膠合性之研究（Ⅰ）－醚化處理對木材尺寸安定性及力學性質之影響
Chemically Modified Wood and It's Gluing Properties (I)-Effects of Etherification on the Dimensional Stability and Mechanical Properties of Wood
摘要
本研究乃以丙烯腈、正氯丁烷、環氧丙烷等三種藥劑與硬槭木、台灣杉、麻六甲合歡等試材行醚化反應，探討不同醚化處理條件對木材尺寸安定性之改良效果及其對木材力學性質之影響。由其結果得知，三種藥劑對各試材行醚化處理時，其重量增加百分率均隨醚化反應時間延長而提高，以丙烯腈處理者，其重量增加百分率大於以正氯丁烷或環氧丙烷處理者。以丙烯腈處理時，醚化反應溫度80℃者之重量增加百分率低於反應溫度60℃或100℃者。木材經醚化處理後會造成體積膨脹，且其體積膨脹係數與重量增加百分率呈正相關。醚化處理可提高木材之尺寸安定性，且其改善效果隨重量增加百分率增加而提高，又醚化處理對吸濕尺寸安定性之改良效果大於吸水時之尺寸安定性。適當之醚化處理條件可提高木材之靜曲強度，然過多之藥劑吸收量或過強之醚化處理條件則會降低其強度，醚化處理可提高木材之靜曲彈性係數，然衝擊強度則降低。
並列摘要
This study investigated the effects of etherification of hard maple (Acer sp), Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides) and Malacca albizzia (Albizzia falcata) with acrylonitrile, n-butyl chloride and propylene oxide under various treatment conditions on the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of wood. The results were summarized as follows: A5 the time of etherification prolonged, the weight percent gain (WPG) would be increased for all these three chemical reagents, and comparison between various reagents, wood had been etherified by acrylonitrile had the largest WPG than n- butyl chloride and propylene oxide. Etherification with acrylonitrile and be treated with temperature at 80℃ had lower WPG than at 60℃ and 100℃. Etherification would cause the volumetric swelling of wood, and the volumetric bulk coefficient had positive relations with their WPG. The dimensional stability of wood could be improved by etherification, and the effectiveness of improvement was raised with the increment of WPG, and the effect of etherification on the improvement of dimensional stability would be better for hygroscopic test than for water saoking test. The bending strength of wood could be improved if adequate etherification conditions were used, but too much reagent absorption or too strong etherification condition was applied, it would decrease the bending strength, the modulus of elasticity of etherified wood would be increased too, but the impact strength would be decreased.
延伸閱讀
- 劉正字、李文昭、夏以淳（2000）。木材之化學改質及其膠合性之研究（III）－乙醯化處理對木材尺寸安定性及力學性質之影響。林產工業，19(2)，229-239。https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.2000.19(2).8
- 張心怡、劉正字、李文昭（1994）。縱向接合方法與用膠之改良隊結構用集成材性能之影響（二）－間苯二酚膠合劑性質改良對短原木縱向接合之效果。林產工業，13(3)，380-396。https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.1994.13(3).4
- 林仁政、廖坤福、彭秀鳳、洪國榮（1998）。砂浴熱處理木材之基本性質研究（Ⅰ）處理溫度對尺寸安定性之改善效應。林產工業，17(1)，21-35。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=02546523-199803-201505130003-201505130003-21-35
- 黃國雄（1983）。高含水率木材之膠合研究（1）常態膠合強度試驗與膠合強度發展性試驗。林產工業，2(1)，17-28。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=02546523-198303-201506220002-201506220002-17-28
- 劉相識、廖坤福、彭秀鳳（1993）。Hygroscopicity and Dimensional Stability of Acetylated Wood。林產工業，12(3)，83-96。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=02546523-199309-201505280003-201505280003-83-96