- 期刊
磺酸化三聚氰胺甲醛樹脂製造注入木之研究
Impregnated Wood Made from Sulfonated Melamine-Formaldehyde Resin
摘要
本實驗之目的在以磺酸化的方式，改善傳統三聚氰胺甲醛樹脂之昨藏安定性。實驗中以各種不同的合成條件進行樹脂之合成，希望獲得一穩定性佳之積酸化三聚氰胺甲醛樹脂（SMF）。實驗所獲得之結果如下:甲醇／三聚氰胺／偏二亞硫酸鈉（M／F／S）之莫耳比以3／1／0.4-0.6時，樹脂的合成能順利進行，且在M／F／S之莫耳比一定時，第三步驟的縮合反應時間愈長，所合成樹脂之黏度愈大；偏二亞硫酸鍋之添加量愈多，所合成的SMF樹脂之貯藏性愈好，但熱硬化溫度亦隨之增高。又磺酸化三聚氰胺甲醛樹脂合成後最終之pH值較高者，貯藏性較好。另外為探討SMF樹脂製造樹脂注入木之可行性，本實驗以杉木作為樹脂注入之材料，注入後以烘箱加熱及熱板熱壓兩種方式使樹脂硬化，後者並可達到注入木表層壓密化及改善其表層物理及力學性質之目的。實驗結果得知經樹脂注入及加熱硬化處理者，杉木注入木的密度會比對照組大，亦會略微增加MOR及表面硬度性質，但其MOE卻無明顯的改善效果。若以比強度來比較，SMF樹脂注入木之比強度，反而此對照組低，且注入樹脂愈多，其比強度愈小。經樹脂注入及表面壓密化處理者，其密度、MOE與MOR及表面硬度性質，都有提高的趨勢， 且其材面與棉襪、毛襪、絲襪等滑體之靜摩擦係數比未處理材者減小很多；又注入木之抗膨脹效能最大可達76%，但其吸濕性比對照組高。
並列摘要
The purpose of this study was two-fold. The first one wa＂ intended to improve the storage life of traditional melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF) by sulfonation method. In the study, a various of synthetic conditions were adopted for synthesizing the sulfonated melamine-formaldehyde resin (SMF) with good storage life. The results of this section can be summarized as follows: As the molar ratio of melamine Iformaldehyde Isodium metabisulfite (M / F / S) is in the range of 3 / 1 / 0.4 / 0.6, the SMF resin can be synthesized successfully. And when the molar ratio of M I F I S is same, the viscosity of the synthesized resin increased as the reaction time at the step 3 in the synthesizing process is extended. As the molar ratio of M / F is same but more amount of the sodium metabisulfite is added, the synthesized resin will have longer storage life and requires higher hardening temperature. Meanwhile, the higher pH value of the finished resin results the longer the storage life. The second purpose of this study was aimed at-enlarging the use of SMF res in. Therefore, Chinese fir lumber was used for making impregnated wood. After impregnated, the re sin in the impregnated lumber was hardened .by heating with oven or hot press. The densification of the surfaces of lumber by the hot pressing method improve their mechanical an d physical properties. The results indicated that the impregnated wood processed with oven heating method will have higher density, MOR and surface hardness. As for the impregnated wood processed by the other method, the properties of density, hygroscopicity, MOR, MOE and surface hardness were higher than that of control one. As for the specific strength of impregnated wood processed with both methods were lower than that of control one. And the specific strength decreases with the resin retention. And the coefficient of static friction between the surfaces of impregnated wood with surface densification and sliders of cotton, wool or silk stockings are lower than that of control one. Meanwhile, the maximum value of anti-swelling effectiveness (ASE) of the impregnated wood with surface densification can reach to 76%.