內茅埔營林區烏心石造林地間作蔬菜之可行性研究

Feasibility Assessment of Vegetables Intercropping with Afforest Land of Michelia Formosana in NTU Experimental Forest

林淑怡(Shu-I Lin) ； 張富翔(Fu-Hsiang Chang) ； 劉興旺(Shing-Wang Liou) ； 羅筱鳳(Hsiao-Feng Lo)

《國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告》 25卷4期 (2011/12) Pp. 283-295

https://doi.org/10.6542/EFNTU.201112_25(4).0006

摘要

臺灣現今林產價格低落，林農因而違規轉作高經濟價值作物。混農林業（agroforestry）為環境永續之土地利用系統，利用作物間互動提高經濟效益，但各種作物與林木組合及不同地區之混農林業生產結果各異，有必要實地試驗。本研究試驗地位於臺大實驗林內茅埔營林區，試驗地平均坡度為23度，土壤偏酸、低鈣及低磷。以烏心石（Michelia formosana（Kaneh.）Masam.）與具抗病蟲害、可粗放栽培、長時間採收之蔬菜作為試驗材料進行間作，調查間作後蔬菜產量、度冬率，並以市場價格模擬經濟價值。結果顯示過溝菜蕨、甘藷葉、山蘇及紅鳳菜度冬率可達70%以上，可減少栽培時整地需求；夏季產量則以甘藷葉及九層塔較高，每試驗區集分別可收穫19.7公斤及6.6公斤，冬季以明日葉、紅鳳菜較高，每試驗區集分別可收獲24.4公斤及8.8公斤；總體收益以明日葉最高，每公頃收益為1,715,867元，甘藷葉、紅鳳菜次之，分別為193,843及212,899元。計算初期成本，第一年明日葉每公頃有1,110,072元之淨利，其餘蔬菜皆為虧損，但若扣除栽培初期之雜草抑制蓆成本及苗木成本，第二年後虧損或可改善，目前持續調查中。

關鍵字

蔬林間作系統 ； 烏心石 ； 蔬菜 ； 度冬率 ； 經濟價值

並列摘要

At the present time, timber and forestry byproducts are of low value in Taiwan brings about more and more forestry farmers alternately and illegitimately grow crops with high economic value. Agroforestry is an environmentally sustainable land-use system, and using the crop interaction for improving total economic efficiency, it perhaps is one way to solve the low valuation problem. However, the results from different combinations of crops with trees and in different regions were not the same, hence it is essential to assess the feasibility before promotion. The experimental field is located in Neimaopu section, National Taiwan University Experimental Forest. The field is average 23 degrees of slope, weak acidic, and with low calcium and phosphate concentration of soil. Michelia formosana (Kaneh.) Masam. was intercropped with vegetables which are pest- and disease-resistant, extensively cultivated and ratoon-harvested. The yields, winter survival rate of vegetables were investigated and the economic values with market prices of vegetables were simulated after intercropped with Michelia formosana. The results showed that the vegetable fern (Anisogonium esculentum (Retz.) Presl), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.), bird's-nest fern (Asplenium nidus L.) and gynura (Gynura bicolor (Roxb. ex Willd.) DC.) exhibited the highest winter survival rate (over 70%) which may decrease the cost for soil preparation. Sweet potato and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) showed higher yields (19.7 kg and 6.6 kg per plot respectively) in the summer, while gynura and ashitaba (Angelica keiskei Koidz.) have higher yields (24.4 kg and 8.8 kg per plot respectively) in the winter. Moreover, ashitaba had the highest total income value (1,715,867/ha) among ten vegetables, followed by Sweet potato (193,843/ha) and gynura (212,899/ha). Only Ashitaba has the net benefits in 1,110,072/ha, other vegetables are deficit in the first year. When excluding the cost of weed barrier fabrics and vegetable seedlings in the initial stage, the deficits might decrease after the second year.

並列關鍵字

vegetable-agroforestry system ； Michelia formosana ； vegetable ； feasibility assessment ； economic value ； winter survival rate