非粘質沉滓於淺水流中之輸砂公式

TRANSPORT EQUATION FOR NONCOHESIVE SEDIMENT IN SHALLOW SURFACE RUNOFF

吳嘉俊(Chia-Chun Wu)

《中華水土保持學報》 24卷2期 (1993/11) Pp. 61-70

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.199311_24(2).0006

摘要

近年來，由於自動計算機的發展及成長，使得對集水區泥砂產量及逕流輸砂之預估模式型態有了極大的改變；由以往以統計爲基礎的預估模式演變到以物理程序爲主的模式。雖然目前在土壤沖蝕方面，經由日積月累的實驗，已對造成土壤沖蝕的各個物理程序有了大略的瞭解。但在逕流輸砂方面的知識仍屬欠缺，以致造成逕流輸砂預估的誤差及困擾。本文利用不同粒徑的玻璃珠來模擬沖蝕土壤，於實驗室控制環境下，研究玻璃珠在人工水渠中運移情形。並由實驗所得輸送玻璃珠的量，以因次分析法求得淺水輸送不同粒徑玻璃珠的能力。本研究所推導而得的淺水輸砂公式，將可取代現有集水區泥砂產量及逕流輸砂預估模式中的預估部份，使對淺水輸砂量之預估更爲準確。

關鍵字

輸砂 ； 輸砂公式 ； 非粘質沉滓 ； 淺水流

並列摘要

The advance of state-of-art technology has changed the watershed sediment yield and sediment transport model from statistics-based to physical-process-based. Although sufficient knowledge on each erosion process has obtained through the past experiments, not enough information on shallow flow sediment transport is available. The lack of knowledge in transport of sediment by shallow flow, from time to time, causes serious error on the prediction of sediment yield. The objective of this research is to develop a sediment transport equation strictly under shallow flow conditions. Commercially made glass microbeads, with various diameters, were used to simulate natural soil. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory-controlled environment using a laboratory flume. Runoff samples were collected from the experiments, and dimensional analysis was used to formulate shallow flow sediment transport process.

並列關鍵字

Sediment Transport ； Transport Equation ； Noncohesive Sediment ； Surface Runoff