強降雨誘發深層岩質滑坡的典型模式與發生機制

Typical Formation Modes and Mechanism of Deep-Seated Rockslide Triggered by Heavy Rainfall

許強(Qiang Xu) ； 董秀軍(Xiu-Jun Dong) ； 劉漢香(Han-Xiang Liu)

《中華水土保持學報》 42卷4期 (2011/12) Pp. 291-302

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.201112_42(4).0003

摘要

本文以強降雨誘發的深層岩質滑坡為主要研究物件，首先介紹了近年來發生的幾個強降雨誘發深層滑坡的典型實例，並在歸納分析其它強降雨誘發深層岩質滑坡案例的基礎上，初步建立了幾類強降雨誘發深層岩質滑坡的典型成因模式。首先根據斜坡結構，將深層岩質滑坡分為平面單面滑動和空間楔形塊狀滑動兩類。其次，將平面單面滑動模式進一步細分為近水平岩層（滑面傾角小於10°）平推式滑坡和順層滑坡；將空間楔形塊狀滑動模式細分為基本對稱楔形塊狀滑坡和非對稱楔形塊狀滑坡。分析總結了上述各類滑坡的形成條件、特點和概念模型。在此基礎上，重點對平推式滑坡的發生機制和深層岩質滑坡發生時間滯後於強降雨過程的原因進行了探討。

關鍵字

強降雨 ； 深層岩質滑坡 ； 成因模式 ； 平推式滑坡 ； 滯後性 ； 發生機制

並列摘要

This study took deep-seated rockslides triggered by heavy rainfall as the main research object. Some recently occurring typical rockslide cases were first introduced. These cases were further combined with other previous rockslide cases for an inductive analysis to first establish the formation modes. Deep-seated rockslides were categorized into two slide modes, the single plane and wedge modes. Single plane slides were subdivided into translational landslides (slide surface has a dip angle smaller than 10°) and bed-parallel landslides. Wedge slides were subdivided into basic symmetrical wedge landslides and asymmetrical wedge landslides. The formation conditions, features, and concept models were concluded for these categories of landslides. On this basis, emphasis was put on the formation mechanics of translational landslides and the reason for the occurrence time of deep-seated rockslides lagging the rainfall.

並列關鍵字

Heavy rainfall ； deep-seated rockslide ； formation mode ； translational rockslide ； hysteric nature ； formation mechanism