可分解塑膠膜在園藝作物栽培之初步評估

Preliminary Evaluation of Degradable Plastic Mulching Films in the Production of Horticultural Crops

楊紹榮(S. R. Yang) ； 劉嘉隆(C. R. Lieu)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 29期 (1992/12) Pp. 56-70

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.199212.0004

摘要

台南區農業改良場採用台灣聚合公司加工實驗所生產之白色生物分解PE膜（澱粉含量11%），白色生物／光分解PE膜（澱粉含量6%），透明生物／光分解PE膜（澱粉含量6%），傳統透明PE膜及銀黑色PE膜進行冬植甘藍之畦面敷蓋試驗，結果得知：敷蓋後地溫（地表下15 cm）以透明PE膜（傳統及可分解）最高，白色分解性PE膜次之，分別較傳統銀黑色PE膜平均增加1.6℃及0.5℃；採收後之甘藍葉球大小，單一葉球重及小區面積產量，處理間均無顯著差異。冬植甘藍（二月上旬）敷蓋後3個月，供試可分解PE膜表面開始呈現龜裂跡象，以手撕之，以澱粉含量11%之白色生物分解PE膜最易撕裂，其艾氏抗撕力最小，僅為28 g/mil，透明生物／光分解PE膜及白色生物／光分解PE膜次之，傳統銀黑色PE膜最大，達253 g/mil。不同材質分解性PE膜之耐衝擊強度均較傳統透明PE膜及銀黑色PE膜為低。將不同材質可分解PE膜（增加澱粉含量6%之銀黑色生物／光分解PE膜）進行春植甘藍之畦面敷蓋試驗，調查得知：春植甘藍敷蓋後49天，供試可分解PE膜均已開始裂解，以白色分解PE膜裂解速率最快，透明生物／光分解PE膜次之，銀黑色生物／光分解PE膜最遲。甘藍採收後，將不同供試分解PE膜直接耕犁於田間，進行後續作物四季紅番茄、甘藍初秋及亞蔬224小果番茄之栽植試驗，結果顯示：對植株生育、開花及產量等並無不利的負面影響。

關鍵字

分解性塑膠膜

並列摘要

Preliminary evaluation of using degradable and regular PE films in the production of horticultural crops were studied during the early February and Mid-April of 1991 at Tainan DAIS (latitude 52°19). The result showed that soil temperature at the 15 cm depth under transparent regular and degradable PE films were essentially the same but 1.6℃ higher than that of silver/black regular PE film, the latter also was 0.5℃ lower than that of the white degradable PE films. There were no significant difference in head weight and yields of cabbage among the different PE mulching films.The films disintegrated at 3 months after mulching on Feb. 12, 1991, but the films disintergated at 49 days after mulching on April 16, 1991. The difference in degradation rate between the Februray and April mulching could be partially attributed to different solar radiation rate. The most rapid degradation of degradable PE film was observed in the white bio-degradable PE film containing 11% starch, followed by the white bio/photo-degradable PE film containing 6% starch, the transparent and silver/black degradable films were the lastest.There were not negative effects for the subsequent cultivation to the residual pieces of degeadable PE films after field plowed.

並列關鍵字

degradable PE film