叢枝菌根菌對番茄在鹽分逆境下生育影響評估

Influence of Environmental Stress on the Growth of Mycorrhizal Tomato

黃瑞彰(J. C. Huang) ； 林晉卿(J. C. Lin) ； 黃山內(S. N. Huang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 50期 (2007/12) Pp. 9-23

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.200712.0002

摘要

本試驗瞭解接種菌根菌對不同番茄品種感染及苗期生育健化情形，並進一步瞭解接種菌根菌對番茄在鹽分逆境下生育之影響。發現農友301、種苗七號與台中亞蔬十號三番茄品種幼苗生長勢均以接種Glomus mosseae最佳，鮮重分別較未接菌增加34.78%、8.2%與24.13%；菌根感染率除種苗七號以接種Glomus mosseae和Glomus etunicatum二種混合最高外，其餘均以二品種接種Glomus etunicatum較高。番茄果實產量與品質之影響，三品種產量接菌處理均較未接菌者佳，顯示接種菌根菌有增產效果，果實品質方面接菌處理仍有較高糖度，又以種苗七號接種Glomus mosseae和Glomus etunicatum二種混合最佳。鹽分處理對叢枝菌根菌番茄生長之影響，三品種未接種菌根菌於鹽分逆境下地上部鮮及乾重，除種苗七號降低外，其餘兩品種則有上升趨勢，顯示種苗七號對鹽分較為敏感。接種菌根菌對番茄地上部及地下部鮮與乾重，在無鹽分與鹽分逆境下，除台中亞蔬十號接種菌根菌降低外，其餘二品種大多增加，資料顯示不同番茄品種對鹽分忍受程度不一及鹽分處理對不同菌根番茄感染影響有所差異。鹽分處理對叢枝菌根菌番茄植體元素之影響，調查顯示鹽分逆境下三品種無論接菌與否植體元素互有高低，此可能與品種對離子吸收與傳送及不同菌根對番茄作用不同所致。三品種植體氮含量，農友301於無鹽分及鹽分逆境下接種菌根菌均增加，台中亞蔬十號則均下降；而三品種無論接菌與否於鹽分逆境下植物體鈉離子濃度均增加，且資料顯示接種菌根菌可降低番茄於鹽分逆境下鈉離子吸收。另調查鹽分處理對叢枝菌根菌番茄根部電解質之影響，三品種於無鹽分逆境下，根部電解質除農友301接菌與種苗七號接種Glomus mosseae降低外，其餘則增加，而三品種於鹽分逆境下接種菌根根部電解質均有增加趨勢，惟其電解質滲漏亦較高。

關鍵字

內生菌根菌 ； 番茄 ； 生物性肥料

並列摘要

This experiment is attempted to explore the effect of endomycorrhizal fungi Glomus spp. and the effect of endomycorrhiza under environmential stress on the growth and yield of tomato. Results showed that higher fresh and dry weight of the above-ground parts were obtained in the plants of the three tomato varieties inoculated with Glomus mosseae .Fresh weight for the tomato varieties Kyown ye 301, Taiwan seed service NO.7 and Taichung AVROC NO.10 iccreased 34.78%, and8.2%, and 24.13%, respectively. Three varieties except Taiwan seed service NO.7 Glomus spp.-noninoculated were found with better fresh and dry weight in the treatments under salinity stress. It means that Taiwan seed service NO.7 is more sensitivity to salinity stress. In the inoculated treatments except the variety Taichung AVROC NO.10. plant growth was found better whether they were under salinity stress or not. The content of mineral elements varied among all treatments under salinity stress whether they were inoculated with Glomus spp. or not. Kyown ye 301 noninoculated with Glomus spp. were found with higher nitrogen and calcium content in the plant under salinity stress. Sodium ion concentration of three varieties increased under salinity stress, and inoculated with Glomus spp reduced sodium ion absorbability. Under stress condition without salts electorates increased roots of Kyown ye 301 inoculated with mycorrhiza and Taiwan seed service NO.7 inoculated with Glomus mosseae and the electorate increased in the rest of the treatments. However, under stress condition with salts, the electorates were all increased in all the treatments with sinificant leaking of the electorates. Yield and quality of the fruits on all three varieties were better in the treatments inoculated with mycorrhiza. Higher Brix was also observed in the treatment with mycorrhiza. The best combination was observed in the variety Taiwan seed service NO.7 inoculated with Glomus mosseae and Glomus etunicatum.

並列關鍵字

Endomycorrhiza ； Tomato ； Biofertilizer