花粉電穿孔轉殖法於作物育種之應用

Application of Pollen Electrotransformation on Crop Breeding

趙秀淓(H. F. Chao)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 60期 (2012/12) Pp. 22-29

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.201212.0003

摘要

本篇為花粉電穿孔轉殖法之文獻探討。植物的基因轉殖有農桿菌轉殖、電穿孔、花粉管導入、基因槍、顯微注入、聚乙烯二醇及超音波等方法，以上大多需要經由組織培養過程才能得到轉殖植株。花粉電穿孔轉殖法則是以花粉做為基因載體，將外源基因以電穿孔方式送入花粉後再經授粉，即可得到轉殖種子，不需要經由組織培養過程。影響電穿孔的基因轉殖之因子包括電場強度、電容、電擊次數、緩衝液之鹽類濃度與離子濃度、載體的狀況、數量與形態、DNA之濃度與形態及外界環境溫度等，若能善加利用此轉殖方式，將能縮短作物育種年限，加速作物改良的步調。

關鍵字

花粉 ； 載體 ； 轉殖

並列摘要

The purpose of this review is to focus on pollen electrotransformation method for efficient production of transgenic plant. There are many ways for plant transformation including Agrobacterium-mediated, electroporation, pollen tube pathway, gene gun, microinjection, PEG and sonoporation. These techniques require tedious and time-consuming tissue culture procedures. The pollen electrotransformation method at using mature pollen as carrier of gene to transformant external gene was introduced into pollen via electropotation, coupled with artificial pollination, finally the transgenic seeds can be readily produced, do not require tissue culture. There are many factors to affect pollen electrotransformation including the electric field strength, capacitance, electric shock times, buffer solution of salt types and concentration, carrier volume, DNA concentrations and the outside environment conditions. This simple and efficient transformation method, which can be applied to any flowering plants, will facilitate plant breeding program study and crop improvement in the future.

並列關鍵字

Pollen ； Carrier ； Transformation