The first wildlife rescue case of a Snowy Sheathbil (Chionis albus) from the Antarctica

來自南極的野生動物救傷案例：白鞘嘴鷗（Chionis albus）

林大利(Da-Li Lin) ； 蔡昀陵(Yun-Ling Tsai) ； 丁子娟(Tzu-Chuan Ting) ； 詹芳澤(Fang-Tse Chan) ； 林桂賢(Kuei-Hsien Lin) ； 蔡繼鋒(Chi-Feng Tsai)

《國立臺灣博物館學刊》 71卷3期 (2018/09) Pp. 19-26

https://doi.org/10.6532/JNTM.201809_71(3).02

摘要

Chionis is an endemic genus of the Antarctica region and its outlying islands. The only two species, Snowy Sheathbill (C. albus) and Black-faced Sheathbill (C. minor), are both omnivores. On 25^(th) June 2017, a juvenile Snowy Sheathbill was discovered at an intersection near the International Port of Kaohsiung, and then it was taken to the Wildlife Rescue and Research Center of the Endemic Species Research Institute on July 3^(rd). Its body weight was only 292g, obviously lower than the minimum record 460g on the references. We conducted the medical treatments and measurements, unfortunately, it died on July 7^(th). The body has been made as a specimen. According to the results of primers 2550F/2718R and COI sequencing from blood sample, it was female and the similarity was 98.2% with Chionis albus. Furthermore, there were no imported record of Snowy Sheathbill in the official database and it was discovered near an international harbor. Therefore, it may be a ship-assisted individual instead of a natural dispersal one.

關鍵字

Antarctica ； Chionidae ； Chionis albus ； Chionis minor ； ship-assisted

並列摘要

鞘嘴鷗屬(Chionis)為分布於南極地區及周邊島嶼的特有屬，全球共有兩種，分別為白鞘嘴鷗(C. albus)和黑臉鞘嘴鷗(C. minor)，兩者皆為雜食性鳥類。2017年6月25日，民眾於高雄港附近發現一隻白鞘嘴鷗的亞成鳥，並於7月3日送至行政院農業委員會特有生物研究保育中心的野生動物急救站。送達時體態虛弱且無法站立，體重僅有292公克，遠低於文獻紀載的最小值460公克。經照護後仍於7月7日中午死亡，屍體已製作成標本典藏。透過2550F與2718R引子及血樣分析，發現與白鞘嘴鷗的COI序列有98.2%相似度，性別為雌性。由發現地點判斷，這隻白鞘嘴鷗可能是隨著貨輪等船隻沿著航線來到臺灣，應該屬於「隨船播遷」而非自然播遷。

並列關鍵字

南極洲 ； 鞘嘴鷗科 ； 白鞘嘴鷗 ； 黑臉鞘嘴鷗 ； 隨船播遷

參考文獻

BirdLife International. 2017. Chionis albus. (amended version published in 2016) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T22693556A112110634. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22693556A112110634.en. Downloaded on 24 September 2017.

Bartumeus, F., Giuggioli, L., Louzao, M., Bretagnolle, V., Oro, D. and Levin, S. A. 2010. Fishery discards impact on seabird movement patterns at regional scales. Current Biology 20(3): 215–222.

Benemann, V.R.F., Krüger, L., Valls, F.C.L. and Petry, M.V. 2016. Evidence of an unreported negative effect of fisheries discards on seabirds: death by choking on the Atlantic Midshipman (Porichthys porosissimus) in southern Brazil. Emu 116(1): 41–45.

Brockmann, H.J. and Barnard, C.J. 1979. Kleptoparasitism in birds. Animal Behaviour 27: 487-514.

Burger, A.E. and Kirwan, G.M. 2017a. Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. and de Juana, E. (Ed.), Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.