臺灣地區青少年非致命性事故傷害之流行病學調查

An Epidemiological Study of the Adolescent Nonfatal Unintentional Injuries in Taiwan

王國川(Kuo-Chang Wang)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 14卷6期 (1998/06) Pp. 348-356

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.199806.0348

摘要

事故傷害是我國青少年最主要的死亡與罹病原因，同時也是造成他們學校上課缺席的主要原因之一。由於多年來青少年事故傷害問題一直未受到普遍的重視，所以我們期望藉著進行這方面的研究，喚起社會、學校與家庭重新正視此問題，並由此建立起我國青少年事故傷害的遞本資料，以及提供未來青少年事故傷害防治工作的參考。本研究以八十三學年度臺灣地區留、私立國中、高中與高職學生為研究母群，採多階段分層群集隨機抽樣法，從 1,115 所學校中抽出具有代表性樣本數2,317人，並以「青少年事故傷害記錄表」來蒐集他們過去三個月中發生過的非致命性事故傷害，最後在完成資料譯碼、鍵入、核對與除錯後，選擇次數分配、皮爾遜卡方考驗與積差相關等統計方法，以釐清本研究所提出的待答問題。根據資料分析結果，發現青少年非致命性事故傷害的季發生率為56.37 % ，男性比女性為高，國中比高中、高職為高，近視比沒有近視為高，曾姿生過傷害的比未曾發生過的為高，而且發生率隨著年齡的增加而減少。擦傷、扭傷、撞傷、切割傷、跌傷是最常見的五種傷害，發生傷害部位以四肢為主，大部分是發生在學校時，最常發生的地點是學校操場、教室、校園、樓梯與走廊，而造成事故傷害最主要的原因是自己，其次是他人不小心，再其次則是運動。

並列摘要

In Taiwan, the unintentional injury is the major cause of morbidity, mortality, and school absenteeism among adolescents. This problem has been ignored in past years, so this investigation was undertaken to alert public, school, and parental attention and concern, to establish the baseline data for adolescent unintentional injuries, and to provide information and guidance for adolescent injury prevention and control programs.
Two thousand-three hundred and seventeen students were randomly sampled from 1,115 junior high, senior high, and vocational schools in Taiwan during the 1994-1995 academic year through a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling with probabilities proportional to sizes. The data were collected via the self-reported adolescent unintentional injury
records, and analyzed with frequency distribution, Pearson’s Chi-square statistics, and product-moment correlation coefficient.
It was found that an overall injury rate (per season) was 56.37% (1292/2292). The rates were higher for boys than girls, for junior high students than senior high or vocational students, for those being near-sighted, for those having a history of previous injuries, and for younger students. Abrasions, sprains, bumps, cuts, and falls were the five most common injuries among adolescents, and mostly appeared in upper and lower extremities. Most injuries took place in athletic fields, classrooms, campus, stairways and corridors at school, mainly due to self, others of carelessness, and sports.

並列關鍵字

adolescents ； unintentional injuries ； epidemiological study