Factors Related to Satisfaction with Body Image in Children Undergoing Chemotherapy

化療期間兒童身體心像滿意度之相關因素

吳麗敏(Li-Min Wu) ； 金繼春(Chi-Chun Chin)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 19卷5期 (2003/05) Pp. 217-224

摘要

本研究之目的為探討化學治學療期間患童身體心像滿意度之相關因素。採橫斷式相關性之研究設計，以三家醫學中接受化學治療且大於6歲的患童為對象（n=118）；男生67位，女生51位；平均年齡10.8歲，教育程度以國小1-3年級最多，其中又以急性淋巴性白血病患童最多，母親為主要照顧者。研究工具為兩份結構式問卷，分別為身體心像量表（第一部分Cronbach'sα=.82；第二部分KR-20=.86）及社會支持量表（家人部分Cronbach'sα=.88；護士部分Cronbach'sα=.91）。研究結果發現，化學治療期間女生較男生不滿意自己的身體心像，年齡、教育程度、及化學治療所造成身外觀上改變的頻率越高，身體心像滿意度越低。性別、教育程度以及化學治療在身體外觀出現副作用的頻率是患童身體心像滿意度之顯著預測因子，可解釋23.3%總變異量。據此研究結果建議，臨床護理人員與家屬須特別注意化學治療青少年對身體心像改變的感受，並支持患者發展正向身體心像，且未來研究在社會支持量表應再考慮增加有關身體心像議題之項目而深入探討。

關鍵字

身體心像 ； 社會支持 ； 化學治療

並列摘要

This cross-sectional correlational study explored factors related to satisfaction with body L1age in children undergoing chemotherapy. We recruited 118 children with cancer undergoing chemotherapy at three medical centers. Subjects ranged from 6 to 18 years old (mean, 10.8 years). Most had leukemia, were in the first to third grade of elementary school, and had their mother as the primary caregiver. Two structured questionnaires were used, the Body Image Scale (part I, Cronbach’s a = 0.82; part II, Kuder-Richardson-20 = 0.86) and Social Support Scale (family part, Cronbach’s ex = 0.88; nurses part, Cronbach’s a = 0.91). Satisfaction with body image was significantly related to gender, age, education level, and the frequency of changes in appearance caused by chemotherapy. Girls felt more dissatisfied than boys. Satisfaction with body image was lower in older children, in children with a high level of education or in those with more frequent changes in appearance. Significant predictors of Subjects’ satisfaction with body image were gender, education level, and appearance-related Side effects of chemotherapy, which accounted for 23.3% of total variance. These findings suggest that, t the family and nurses should pay more attention to teenagers who perceive changes in their appearance and help them to develop a positive body image. Furthermore, it is essential that a new scale to measure social support about body image is developed in future studies.

並列關鍵字

body image ； social support ； chemotherapy