邊界受限豎井進水口附近水理試驗研究

Experimental Study of Flow Field near Boundary Limited Intake Pipe

呂珍謀(Jan-Mou Leu) ； 賴泉基(Chan-Ji Lai) ； 詹勳全(Hsun-Chuan Chan) ； 蕭維德(Wei-Te Hsiao) ； 謝瑞章(Jui-Chang Hsieh)

《農業工程學報》 53卷3期 (2007/09) Pp. 22-32

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.200709.0003

摘要

本文以水工模型試驗探討豎井式進水口在不同流況情形下（包括：浸沒型、臨界浸沒型與自由流型三種）和進水口設置結構物與否之流場特性。試驗用聲波都卜勒流速儀(ADV)量測進水口之二維流場，討論在各種試驗條件下之其流量率定曲線、流速分佈和紊流動能分佈特性。
本研究所進行試驗，其出口管徑福祿數F(下標 D)介於1.10~2.51之間、浸沒水深福祿數F(下標 h)介於1.51~3.09之間、出口管徑雷諾數R(下標 D)介於3.84×10^4~8.80×10^4之間及浸沒水深雷諾數R(下標 h)介於9.21×10^3~1.76×10^5之間。試驗結果顯示自由流型流況時，同溢頂水深，無設置結構物的試驗組較有設置結構物的試驗組流量為大；到達浸沒型流況時，進水口設置結構物與否對流量已無影響。就流場特性而言，相同流況下，流速向量進入角的範圍值隨高程上升而遞減；與無設置結構物之試驗組相較，進水口設置結構物會導致自由流流況之流速極大值降低；但浸沒流況時，受壓力流的影響，流速極大值降低現象不明顯。紊流動能較高區域集中在流場之左上角；不同流況下，以浸沒型流況之紊流動能較高，進水口有無配置結構物，於紊流動能平均值差異不顯著；自由流型流況時，進水口有結構物配置，明顯可以看到紊流動能極大值降低的趨勢。

關鍵字

進水口 ； 流速 ； 紊流動能

並列摘要

Detailed measurements of flows near a vertically flowing downward intake pipe with and without attached structures were presented. Emphasis is given to the effect of attached structures on the flow properties of different flow types. The experiments comprised measurements of rating curves for three flow types, including submerged type, critical submerged type and free-flow type, and detailed measurements of flow characteristics by using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) for two flow types, including submerged type and free-flow type.
It is shown that a significant reduction of the intake discharge by the attached structures for critical submerged type and free-flow type. The intake discharge is only dependent on the flow depth rather than the attached structures for the submerged type. With attached structures, the maximum velocity decreases by 40% compared to that without attached structures for free-flow type. The existence of large turbulent kinetic energy is present at upper left area. Flows of submerged type with the highest turbulent kinetic energy, compared to the other two flow types. With attached structures, the maximum turbulent kinetic energy decreases by 19% compared to that without attached structures for free-flow type.

並列關鍵字

Intake pipe ； Velocity ； Turbulent kinetic energy