水庫發電效能與運轉規線關聯性之研究

Study on the Relation between Hydropower Efficiency and Rule Curves for Reservoir Operation

陳世偉(Shih-Wei Chen) ； 林松青(Song-Ching Lin) ； 吳瑞賢(Ray-Shyan Wu)

《農業工程學報》 53卷3期 (2007/09) Pp. 52-61

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.200709.0006

摘要

水庫電力價值可分為容量與能量價值，前者指水庫可提供相當之可靠電力，效益較高，後者係水力電廠發多少電量，可獲得相應報酬，分為尖峰與離峰兩種不同電價，惟其效益較低。因此，水庫發電之最佳運轉除須供應保證電力外，儘量使發電量最大。實務上，考量水源有限，國內水庫運轉大多在不影響公共給水前題下，才兼顧發電之最大效益。再者，水庫運轉以規線為依據，且發電廠效率、出力與有效水頭係呈高度非線性關係，致運轉研究之難度相當高。基於應用觀點，本文旨在探討水庫發電效能與規線之關聯性，俾研訂最適發電規線。本研究結果顯示，適宜的水庫發電規線呈現等效率之帶狀區間，該區間之範圍取決於特殊枯旱年之流量條件，且在滿足公共給水之需求下，兼顧到發電最大效益。

關鍵字

水庫 ； 發電效能 ； 水庫規線 ； 發電標的

並列摘要

Hydropower with water supply involves two parts, i.e., firm power and secondary power, respectively. Firm power is the amount of power that can be generated and produced with little or no interruption. Firm energy is the corresponding energy, and secondary power is generated in excess of firm power. The maximum power that can be generated by a hydropower plant under the conditions of normal head and full flow is called the plant capacity. Secondary power value is much lower than the plant capacity value. However, the volume of the available water limits the amount of energy generated by a hydropower plant. Furthermore, it is complex to determine the hydropower efficiency based on operating rule curves from the fact that hydroelectric power plant's efficiency, flow rate, reservoir head and storage relation being highly nonlinear. Therefore, there are practically an infinite number of possible scenarios related to hydropower effectiveness and reservoir rule curves. This result reveals that the optimal reservoir rule curve appearing in an isometric zone can attain the maximum hydropower efficiency and simultaneously satisfy the water supply demand. The zone width depends on the hydrological conditions in critical dry years.

並列關鍵字

Reservoir ； Hydropower efficiency ； Rule curves ； Hydropower purpose