台灣常用覆蓋草類覆蓋率之研究

A Coverage Study of Cover Crass Commonly Used in Taiwan

江介倫(Jie-Lun Chiang) ； 黃國禎(Kuo-Cheng Huang) ； 邱宏彬(Hung-Pin Chiu) ； 黃瀞瑩(Ching-Ying Huang)

《農業工程學報》 55卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 90-99

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.200912.0008

摘要

種植覆蓋草類是防止沖蝕保育土壤資源的重要方法之一，主要是藉由其快速生長，葉面被覆直接保護地表，阻檔雨滴打擊，並可減緩地表逕流之流速，可有效防止土壤沖蝕，惟不同植生覆蓋特性及生長速度不同。本研究爲探討台灣地區雨季前不悶覆蓋草類在特定基材下覆蓋率之差異，自2007年2月開始將小葉百喜草、類地毯草、百慕達草、田菁、油菜單日白花三葉草等6種覆蓋草類，種植於兩種土樣中進行盆栽試驗，定期拍攝照片分析影像後進行覆蓋率之計算。經過爲期半年觀測，結果發現，自菁生長情形較好，覆蓋率最高可達80%以上，爲本研究中覆蓋率較好之覆蓋植物，而小葉百喜草和類地毯草的覆蓋率，到八月時可達到40%左右，且持續成長，恰可於雨季時保護地表，油菜於前兩個月生長情形較好，較佳覆蓋率時可達40%以上，但至雨季時覆蓋率已下降。百慕達草和自花三葉草雖有持續成長，但生長情形較爲緩慢，尤其是白花三葉草在觀測期間最高覆蓋率僅達3.9%。

關鍵字

覆蓋率 ； 草類 ； 土壤沖蝕

並列摘要

Planting cover grass is one of the major methods for soil conservation. Cover grass can effectively slow down the runoff and also prevent the soil erosion because the fast growing grass can directly protect the ground from the impact of rain drops which could dislodge soil particles. However, due to different ground materials, the cover grass shows different germination rates. The purpose of this study is to probe into the germination rates of different cover grass among specific ground materials in wet season. In this study, we chose six grass species including Bahia Grass (A33), Bermuda Grass, Carpet Grass, Sesbania, Edible Rape and White Clover. We planted them in the potted plants filled with two different soils, and calculated coverage rates of these six species from images. Among six months, we discovered that the coverage of Bahia Grass (A33) and Carpet Gross had continuous germination, and the coverage approached 40%, the germination was steady. The coverage of Sesbania approached higher than 80%. The result of the coverage was the best of the cover grass in this study. Edible Rape had better germination in the first two months. The coverage approached higher than 40% when it was under better germination situation. Although the coverage of Bermuda Grass and White Clover had continuous germination, the germination rate was still slow. Especially the germination rate of White Clover was no more than 3.9% in this period.

並列關鍵字

Coverage ； Grass ； Soil Erosion