應用弱鹼性電解水於禽類飼養場中抑菌之研究

Applying Slightly Alkaline Electrolyzed Water Spraying for Inactivating Bioaerosols in an Poultry House

黃筱茜(Hsiao-Chien Huang) ； 楊心豪(Shin-Hao Yang) ； 方煒(Wei Fang) ； 羅金翔(Chin-Hsiang Luo) ； 洪粕宸(Po-Chen Hung) ； 莊啟佑(Chi-Yu Chuang)

《農業工程學報》 60卷1期 (2014/03) Pp. 29-41

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.201403_60(1).0003

摘要

生物性污染透過空氣傳播引致擴散及感染歷來為生技產業環境品質之重大挑戰，如沙門氏桿菌、新型流感、MRSA等微生物，具高傳染性與危險性致病原更使相關從業人員及設施環境安全屢受威脅。綜觀現有之微生物消毒殺菌技術，能針對整體空氣進行均勻有效淨化，且又無健康副作用者尚未具現，此實為農業環境控制與職業衛生能作為之處。有鑑於此，本研究以禽類（雞）飼養設施為試驗實場，透過整體圍場通風換氣防護概念，研發以弱鹼性電解水生成噴霧為基礎之氣生微生物污染防制技術，並且結合禽舍現場配電管線與水簾等現存之基本環控設備，組合成低成本、高效能之抗菌防疫機電系統。研究成果顯示，養雞場真菌濃度為2,261-8,763 CFU/m^3，走道之採樣點濃度均高於外緣參考採樣點。而養雞場細菌濃度為1.02 x 10^5 -2.34 x 10^5 CFU/m^3，所有採樣點之細菌濃度並無顯著差異，細菌濃度等級達105 CFU/m^3。此外，上午與下午二菌種之濃度平均高於中午之採樣濃度。比較真菌與細菌濃度，發現細菌濃度明顯高於真菌濃度。當啟動電解水噴霧系統後，對於細菌與真菌於90分鐘後可達到約50－70%之抑菌效能，90分鐘後對細菌之抑菌能力開始減弱，而對於真菌則是由120分鐘後才開始減弱。因此90分鐘是實際操作的臨界點，之後可進行第二次的噴灑作業，藉此有效控制環境生物氣膠濃度，以達到保護農牧產業人員相關職業安全衛生及動物防疫之目標。

關鍵字

禽類飼養場 ； 生物氣膠 ； 電解水 ； 環境控制

並列摘要

Biological pollution, such as Salmonella, the new type of flu, MRSA and other microorganisms, spreading through the air and causing the proliferation and infection has been the major challenge of the environmental quality of the biotech industry. Highly contagious and dangerous pathogens threaten environmental safety of practitioners and facilities. The existing microbial disinfection technology that can provide effective and uniform purification in the air of a space without side effects of health has been not present yet. The fields of controlled environmental agriculture and occupational health can accomplish something for this problem above. According to the overall ventilation protective paddock concept, this study has developed an electromechanical system for anti-bacterial epidemic prevention with low-cost and high-performance. This system includes poultry rearing facilities for the test environment, spray equipment for the electrolysis of water, field drencher distribution pipelines, and other existing environmental control equipments.The research results show that airborne fungal concentration was 2,261-8,763 CFU/m^3 in the layer farm. The sampling concentration on the aisle points was higher than the concentrations of the 19 sampling point on outer edges. Moreover, the fungal concentration of the 19 sampling points was about 103 CFU/m^3.Furthermore, airborne bacterial concentration was 1.03 x 10^5 - 2.34 x 10^5 CFU/m^3 in the layer farms. The bacterial concentration on 19 sampling points was about 10^5 CFU/m^3 without significant difference. The fungal and bacterial concentrations of morning and afternoon samplings were higher than their noon concentrations for the same point.In comparison of fungal and bacterial concentrations, the bacterial concentration was significantly higher than the fungal concentration. By using the electrolysis system of water to control the concentration of bioaerosols, we found up to about 50-70% of the antibacterial performance for bacterial and fungal bioaerosols in 90 minutes. After 90 (120) minutes, the antibacterial ability of the bacteria (fungi) began to weaken. 90 minutes should be the critical point for actual operations. The second spraying operation can be carried out to take effective control of bioaerosol concentrations for indoor environment and achieve goals of protecting occupational health and safety of workers and animal epidemic prevention in related agriculture and animal husbandry industry.

並列關鍵字

Poultry House ； Bioaerosols ； Electrolyzed water ； Environmental control