十文溪橫向構造物改善規劃研究

本研究進行林務局東勢林區管理處治理範圍的十文溪一號防砂壩構造物生態面向的改善規劃，研究項目包含無人空拍機(UAV)測量、水域生物調查、水工模型試驗、水理模式分析等項，並提出魚道改善規劃構想。水域生物的魚類進行4 次調查，共有7 種，並對於生物整合指標IBI 計算，十文溪下游樣點的IBI 多數維持在輕微受損的狀態，但一號防砂壩上的IBI 指數，則有中度受損的情形，主因為多樣性不高，與防砂壩阻隔生物進入有關，因此建造魚道(生物通道)有其必要性。UAV 空拍測量，共設置22 個控制測站點位，分別分佈於斷面變化較劇烈處，採用4 部高精度GPS定位儀實施靜態控制量測，產出正射影像圖，DSM 成果網格解析度約為8 公分，供水工模型製作與水理模擬。採集5 個樣點進行河床質分析，河床質粒徑d50 約在15 ~ 100 mm 間，水工模型採用縮尺比例1/25，定床、動床試驗流量峰值採130、10 cms，數值模式採用HEC-RAS、CCHE2D 兩種，分別代表一維、二維模式，與水工模型試驗的資料比較，進行定床、動床率定驗證。經由上述的調查研究，採全斷面階段式+改良型舟通式魚道，此型魚道可適用高、低流量，在土石流災後，魚道仍有機會保有功能。

關鍵字

十文溪；防砂壩；生物整合指標；魚道；正射影像圖；無人空拍機

並列摘要

This study into a check dam for the Shi-Wen River included unmanned aerial vehicle measurements, aquatic species investigations, hydraulic physical modeling, and numerical model tests. On the basis of these measurements, we offer planning improvement ideas and designs for the Shi-Wen River check dam. Aquatic species were investigated during April, June, August, and October 2015. Seven fish species and 30 macroinvertebrate families were found in the river. The Index of Biotic Integrity was calculated using the number and species of fish. At the sites downstream and upstream of the dam, the stream conditions were ＂slightly impaired＂ and ＂moderately impaired,＂ respectively. This may be due to obstruction by the check dam. To collect unmanned aerial vehicle measurements, we first established 22 control stations. Then, using four pieces of high-accuracy GPS equipment, the ground control points were acquired using a static survey mode. Meshes with a DSM resolution of approximately 8 cm provided data for the physical and numerical models tests. To measure the bed-load gradation, we selected five sampling stations. The D50 data collected were between 15 and 100 mm, the physical model scale was 1/25, and flow discharges were 10 and 130 cm. For the larger flow discharges, we employed the HEC-RAS and CCHE2D numerical models. We completed simulations for one- and two-dimensional fixed-bed and movable-bed cases. To improve planning, we suggest the ＂Full cross section and modified boating passage＂ design. This design is suitable for all high and low flow conditions, and for mitigating debris flow during disasters.

並列關鍵字

Shiwen stream ； Check dam ； Index of Biotic Integrity ； Fishway ； Orthoimage ； Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

國際替代計量

十文溪橫向構造物改善規劃研究

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