吸菸與否之差異及二手菸暴露之預測

Differences Between Smokers and Nonsmokers and Predictors of Secondhand Smoke Exposure

陳杏雯(Hsing-Wen Chen) ； 王桂芸(Kwua-Yun Wang) ； 林瑞琪(Ruei-Chi Lin) ； 葉美玲(Mei-Ling Yeh)

《榮總護理》 32卷4期 (2015/12) Pp. 416-423

https://doi.org/10.6142/VGHN.32.4.416

摘要

吸菸與二手菸暴露皆是危害健康之因素，而這些危害健康的因素是可預防與控制。在政府「無菸醫院」政策推動下，醫護人員應評估每位病人吸菸及二手菸暴露狀態，並主動提供協助。因此，本研究旨在分析北台灣某區域教學醫院住院病人吸菸者與未吸菸者之差異，並進一步探討未吸菸者二手菸暴露之可預測因子。採橫斷式相關性研究，針對住院病人(140名非吸菸與80名吸菸)進行結構式問卷調查。資料分析採卡方、獨立T檢定、Spearman相關及邏輯斯迴歸。本研究結果發現非吸菸者與吸菸者在性別、教育程度、有工作、同住者吸菸、反菸態度、菸害認知、勸他人戒菸頻率及家中或工作中二手菸暴露等具有差異。有同住者吸菸及工作二手菸暴露能預測未吸菸者之家中二手菸暴露。因此，當醫護人員推動菸害防治時，需考量吸菸者與未吸菸者的不同特性以提供菸害教育、導正反菸態度，並鼓勵其共同參與控制家中或工作場所之二手菸暴露。

關鍵字

住院病人 ； 吸菸 ； 二手菸 ； 反菸態度 ； 菸害

並列摘要

Smoking and secondhand smoke exposure are harmful factors for health; however, these risk factors are preventable and controllable. In accordance with the smoke-free hospital policy, medical staff should assess the smoking status and secondhand smoke exposure of each patient and actively provide assistance as necessary. Therefore, this study analyzed the differences between nonsmokers and smokers, and predictors of secondhand smoke exposure in nonsmokers. A correlational study with structured questionnaires was conducted, and an inpatient sample of 80 smokers and 140 nonsmokers was recruited from a regional teaching hospital in Taiwan. The chi-square test, the independent t test, Spearman correlation, and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that nonsmokers and smokers differed in the factors of sex, education level, employment, living with a smoker, antismoking attitude, Knowledge of tobacco hazards, persuasion to stop smoking, and secondhand smoke exposure. Living with a smoker and experiencing secondhand smoke exposure in the workplace can predict exposure of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke at home. While providing tobacco hazards education and promoting antismoking attitude to control secondhand smoke exposure, medical staff should consider various characteristics of nonsmokers and smokers, and encourage them to participate in controlling secondhand smoke exposure at home or at the workplace.

並列關鍵字

inpatient ； smoking ； secondhand smoke ； antismoking attitude ； tobacco hazards

參考文獻

陳桂琴、嚴雅音、蔡文玲、黃正銘、許志成、林雅瑩、黃曉靈(2010)．屏東縣地區別國小學童家長菸害知識、菸害防治政策態度、與吸菸行為之相關探討．台灣口腔醫學會科學雜誌，26，4-20。

陳杏雯、祝年豐、陳興夏、葉美玲(2011)．探討中部居民吸菸行為之相關因素．志為護理，10(5)，66-76。

Chen, H. W., Chu, N. F., Chen, H. H., & Yeh, M. L. (2014). Individual and Family/Community Factors of Smoking Behaviors in Aborigines in Taiwan. The Journal of Nursing Research, 22(1), 12-19.

陳玉婷、陳品玲(2013)．防制孩童暴露於家庭二手菸害之介入成效：系統性文獻回顧．長庚護理，24(3)，252-266。

楊燦、鄭仙忠、許秀月、楊舒安、朱素鳳、韓彤珍、陳宇嘉(2006)．職場勞工吸菸行為影響因子探討．中華職業醫學雜誌，13(2)，97-105。