性別主流化與友善醫療環境的建構：國外經驗與本土推動實例的探討

本文將探討透過國家推動性別主流化的政策，在健康照護體系之中，如何藉由醫療環境的改善，更積極達成性別平等目標，同時也應兼顧差異，促成性別友善與社會正義，讓弱勢者能享有更友善與便利的醫療服務，使醫療資源能為全民有尊嚴的共享。研究者引介相關「做性別」與「交織性」等性別理論概念並整理、探討國外性別主流化於醫療現場的實踐經驗相關文獻，希望能轉化理論與他國經驗成為論述資源，做為臺灣推動相關性別主流化工作的基礎。本文聚焦在性別友善的醫療環境之營造上，包含硬體空間與友善態度等工作面向之加強，運用政策的推動力量，加強醫院治理和醫療人員的性別敏感度，逐步加強整體的性別友善程度並落實醫療體系的性別主流化。

關鍵字

性別主流化；性別與醫療；性別與健康照護；性別友善醫療環境

並列摘要

This research aims at the construction of gender friendly medical environment and the promotion gender equity in healthcare. According to previous literature, attempts to mainstream gender into healthcare often turn out to be simplified reports of sex differences without taking account of the conditions of intersectionality. The article thus deals with the gender friendly medical environment construction and healthcare service delivery in terms of theoretical concepts, ＂doing gender＂ and ＂intersectionality＂. It is stressed that the expression of ＂gender friendly＂ will vary as it intersects with other factors. The healthcare workers/professions must have knowledge and insight into the meaning of gender for spatial arrangement and gender sensitive social interactions. Gender awareness is necessary to overcome gender bias and to reach equity in health. Furthermore, the policy-making is also explored in this paper. The researcher focuses on two cases implemented in Taiwan to explore the possibilities of putting gender mainstreaming into practice in health care policy. The research finally provides related international trends to justify the importance of constructing gender friendly environment and promoting gender equity through the implementation of gender mainstreaming policy. Hopefully, change will occur in healthcare system with the recognition that gender indeed matters.