政府出版品數位化之著作權管理探討

The Copyright Management for Government Publications Digitalization

陳曉慧(Hsiao-Hui Chen) ； 謝銘洋(Ming-Yan Shieh) ； 劉静怡(Ching-Yi Liu) ； 呂佩芳(Pei-Fang Lu)

《研考雙月刊》 32卷3期 (2008/06) Pp. 15-25

https://doi.org/10.6978/YKSYK.200806.0015

摘要

研考會就政府出版品電子檔繳交及全文上載分析之調查顯示，從92年至96年6月為止，各機關完成授權及繳交電子檔的數量的比例，仍有偏低的情况。究其原因，主要係政府機關對外取得著作權之授權發生困難。以加拿大為例，其係由政府出版品主管機關統一對外進行招標、簽約，因此取得完整授權之談判空間較大；再者，政府出版品之數位化利用，應由各機關考量其出版之目的，選擇適當的數位流通方式，從而決定其所须取得之著作財產權利用範圍。因此，針對仍受著作權保護之政府出版品，建議研考會應仿效加拿大CGP，由政府機關被授權人之角色，轉化為各政府機關著作權締約代理人之角色，一方面可以避免政府機關衝突的授權政策，影響政府出版品通路的建立；二方面可以避免機關因專業人力不足而拒絕授權或為不利條件授權，致影響政府出版品流通；三方面，對於欲取得政府出版品授權的人，則可向單一窗口接洽，簡化締約成本，促進民間使用意願。此外，加拿大所採取網路免費流通不牴觸實體通路獨家授權原則，以及清楚標示第三人權利，並指示使用人必须另行取得第三人授權，均為避免利益衝突與權利侵害之必要措施，在规劃數位授權時，對我國亦具有參考價值。

關鍵字

政府出版品 ； 數位化 ； 合作出版

並列摘要

According to the internal census report conducted by Research, Development and Evaluation Commission (RDEC), from 2003 to June 2007, the ratio of government offices submitting government publications digital files to RDEC is low. The reason is that it is difficult for government offices to obtain complete copyright licensing/ownership of government publications.
Take Canada for example, Canadian Government Publishing (CGP) is the only authority in charge of the negotiation and management of co-publishing arrangements with private sector publishers. Therefore, CGP will have more bargaining power in the deal. With regard to the digitalization of copyrighted government publications, the government offices shall deciding how large copyright they need to obtain pursuant to its publishing purposes, and select the most appropriate way to circulate the digitalized publications. It is suggested that RDEC shall, like CGP, play the role as a licensing agent, rather than a copyright licensee. In this way, RDEC will avoid the licensing conflicts among the government offices, the government publication circulation will not be impaired by the shortage of licensing professionals, either. Moreover, the public may obtain the government publication licensing through one contact window and reduce the transaction cost In addition, RDEC may follow the examples of Canada and make government publication freely online available while license exclusively to the private publisher For avoidance of interest conflicts and copyright infringement, RDEC shall also explicitly label third party's right on the publication and inform end users to obtain third-party's permission if they want to utilized those works.

並列關鍵字

government publications ； digitalization ； co-publishing