秈稻白葉枯病抗病育種及遺傳之研究　Ⅰ．新育成秈稻品系對白葉枯病抵抗性及產量之探討

Breeding and Genetic Studies of Bacterial Leaf Blight Resistant Varieties of Indica Type of Rice Ⅰ. Resistance to Bacterial Leaf Blight and Yield Trials of new-bred Strians

許東暉(T.H. Hsu) ； 鄧耀宗(Y.C. Teng) ； 邱善美(S.M. Chiu)

《中華農業研究》 25卷3期 (1976/09) Pp. 191-198

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.197609.0003

摘要

爲探討75個新育成秈稻品系對白葉枯病之抵抗性及其利用價值，於1973分別在臺北、臺中、嘉義及屏東等四個地區進行抗病與米質檢定，及產量等調查工作，以供各場所從事秈稻育種之參考。
1．供試品系中抗白葉枯病者，計有南秈育24號、高秈育55號、高秈育58號、高秈育54號、嘉農秈育l號、IR580-30-2、系比592120及系比592121等8品系，其中南秈育24號除共有抗病性狀之外，其稻穀產量及米質亦均有優異表現。
2．供試品系中，第一期作之稻穀產量遠較第二期作爲高，平均相差達35%之多。（如圖2）
3．米質特優者計有南秈育24號等16品系。
4．植株高度除高秈育68號等3品系較高外，其餘均在100公分以下，而以85公分左右者居多；第二期作又較一期作爲高。（如圖3）
5．生育日數除新竹矮腳尖等4品種（系）較早熟外，大部份較臺中在來1號及高秈2號等品種晚熟。（如圖1）

並列摘要

75 strains of newly-developed indica rices from various stations were screened for high yield as well as resistance to bacterial leaf blight disease. The artificial inoculation were made by clipping method at the later gowth stage of rice. The tests were conducted at Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute and Taichung, Tainan (at Chiayi) and Kaohsiung District Agricultural Improvement Stations in 1973.
The results obtained are summarized as follows
1. Eight strains of indica rice, i. e. Nan-sen-yu 24, Kaohsiung-sen-yu 54, 55,58. Chianung-sen-yu 1, JR 580-30-2, Sipi 592120 and 592121 showed resistance to the 604 strain at both the first and second crops. Three of the eight resistant strains were good in grain quality, especialy Nan-sen-yu 24 which showed the highest yield as well as the best quality among all the entries tested. It could be used as a valuable breeding material for improving local varieties.
2. The yield of newly-developed indica rices was 35% lower in the second crop than in the first crop. (Table 2)
3. Among the 75 entries tested, Nan-sen-yu 24 and other 15 strains showed excellent grain quality.
4. Plant heights varied from 73 to 113cm., hut most strains were 85 cm. in height. In general, rice plants of the second crop was higher than that of the first crop. (Table 3)
5. Except for Ai-Chueh-Chien, JR 580-30-2 and Kaohsiung-sen-yu 55 etc. which showed a growth duration shorter than the check varieties (TN 1 and Kaohsiung sen 2), all other tested entries were longer.