臺灣水產食物產制銷點魚介類的微生物學調查

The Microbiological Survey of Marine Products at Harvesting, Processing and Selling Points in Taiwan

陳幸臣(Hsing-Chen Chen) ； 羅淑華(Hsu-Hwa Lo) ； 張恬瑞(Tein-Jui Chang) ； 嚴慈音(Tzu-Yin Yen) ； 孫寶年(Bonnie Sun Pan)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 12卷1期 (1985/06) Pp. 55-63

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.198506.0004

摘要

調查了停泊在魚市場邊的漁船、魚市場、加工廠，及零售攤上的海產物微生物衞生情形。所調查的海產物包括：劍蝦、大頭紅蝦、鱰魚、鮪魚、紅鰺、鯖魚、黑鯧、鎖管、花枝和比目魚。另外，基隆和臺北地區超級市場、餐廳及零售攤的生魚片也調查過。結果發現漁船上的漁獲物菌數最低，就劍蝦言，每克總生菌數(APC)的範圍在10^(2)～10^(5)/g，假單胞菌數(PSC)爲10^(2)～10^(4)/g。但是在魚市場拍賣場上的漁獲物，已受污染，其APC在10^(5)～10^(6)/g之間，也被檢出糞便大腸菌羣；場邊的海水也有該菌羣。在調查的兩處零售市場中，臺北市的一處，在大頭紅蝦上檢出腸炎弧菌；南方澳的一處，在鯖魚、鎖管及花枝上均檢出沙門氏菌。加工廠的原料魚蝦衛生情況很類似魚市場的，但在蝦仁上有數件被檢出糞便大腸菌羣。在22件生魚片上，APC在10^(6)/g以上的佔63.6%，PSC在10^(6)/g以上的佔18.2%，只有1件未污染糞便大腸菌羣，但均未檢出腸炎弧菌及沙門氏菌。

並列摘要

The microbiological sanitation of marine products aboard fishing vessels, at fish markets, at processing plants, and at retail markets were surveyed. The sample included sword shrimp, red shrimp, common dolphin, tuna, scad, mackerel, black pomfret, squid, cuttle fish, and flounder. Raw fish slices (sashimi) in supermarkets, restaurants, and retail stands at the areas of Taipei and Keelung were also inspected. The bacterial loads of the fish catches aboard fishing vessels were low. In the case of sword shrimp, the range of aerobic plate count (APC) was 10^2 to 10^5/g, and pseudomonads count (PSC) was 10^2 to 10^4/g. The fish on the auctlon area of the fish market was spoiled, since APC was ranging from 10^5 to 10^6/g. Fecal coliforms were detected on the floor of the markets and in the sea water by one of the markets. In two retail markets, Vibrio parahaemolyticus was detected from red shrimp at a retail stand in Taipei, and Salmonella was detected from mackerel, squid, and cuttle fish at a retail stand at Nan-Fang-Ao. The microbiological sanitation of raw material in sea food plant was similar to that of fish market, but fecal coliforms were detected from some peeled shrimp samples in the plant. In 22 samples of raw fish slices, APC in 63.6% samples was higher than 10^6/g, and PSC in 18.2% samples was higher than 10^6/9. Only one sample of the slices was excluded fecal coliform contamination, but no sample was spoiled by V. parahaemolyticus and Salmonella.