並列摘要
Moby Dick has both gained and suffered at the hands of modern critics. Few have denied that it is one of the greatest works of world literature, but the very reading habits and methods of analysis which have led to this conclusion have offen made for serious misunderstandings about the kind of book it is. Modern critism, not surprisingly, tends to overvalue the qualities it is best fitted to deal with-irony and ambiguity, archetypal patterns, and symbolic structures. Since Moby Dick appears to contain these elements in abundance, mostreaders assume that they must either unravel and endlessly complex symbolism in arder to arrive at ots meaning, or indeed that its meaning is hidden altogether within impenetrable ambiguities. In his treatment of the White Whale, Melville uses symbols in the real sense. A symbol is felt to be such before any possible meaning is consciously recognized., i. e., an object or event which is felt to be more important than the reason can immediately explain is symbolic. Secondly, a symbolic correspondece is never one to one but always multiple, and different Persons perceive c1ifferent meanings. To find the modern and psycamalytical meanings of Moby Dick id the purpose of this thesis. According to Frend, the psychological life of the individual is a struggle between 'id', 'ego', and 'superego'. Melville's theme is introduced at the very beginning of the book, where his narrator lshmael tries to account for his motives in going whaling. Moby Dick is a book about man's attempt to understand and interpret his world, but it is a characteristic ally American book despite the universality of its theme.
延伸閱讀
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