流域治理與土地倫理之研究－以石門水庫上游集水區的原住民族部落為例

An Investigation of Watershed Management and Land Ethics - A Case of Indigenous Communities on Upstream Shimen Reservoir Catchments Area

孫稚堤(Chih-Ti Sun) ； 顏愛靜(Ai-Ching Yen)

《地理學報》 66期 (2012/09) Pp. 21-51

https://doi.org/10.6161/jgs.2012.66.02

摘要

觀察艾莉、海棠及瑪莎颱風所引發的災害事件與後續應對情形發現，以往我國集水區管理似乎多被簡化為「上游治水」與「下游供水」的工作，多數民眾相信只要政府花錢進行河川整治工程，並限制上游土地開發使用，即可解決民生供水及颱風洪患好發等問題。然而，當「水資源」是由社會系統中某一特定人群或某種主流思考所建構時，平地供水區與山地集水區即可能出現不對等的權力關係，進而導致缺失與問題發生。因此，本研究希望藉由災難的反省，重新思考人與自然的相處之道，闡釋土地倫理在流域治理中扮演的重要角色，藉由環境歷史的脈絡分析，連結社會與生態、人文與自然間不可分割的雙連關係（coupled relations），進一步提出符合在地資源特性與社會脈絡的永續治理策略。

關鍵字

流域治理 ； 土地倫理 ； 災難 ； 集水區 ； 水資源

並列摘要

By observing the disasters caused by Aere, Haitang and Matsa typhoons and their aftermaths, it is found that catchment management, in the past, has seemed to be oversimplified as only the endeavor on upstream water regulation and downstream water supply. Most people believe that typhoon-related issues such as public water supply and flood hazard would be resolved with merely the enhancement of hydrologic engineering and the restriction the upstream development. However, when the water resources are constructed by a certain group of people or from a mainstream thought, the power structure between flat water supply area and upland catchment area will be likely to remain unequal, which further leads to deficiencies and problems. Therefore, the objectives of the study:1. To reconsider the way in which human beings get along with the nature by self-examination towards disasters, as well as to elaborate the importance of the land ethics in the watershed management.2. To establish the inseparable coupled relations between society and ecology, as well as the interaction between human and nature through an analysis of the environmental history context.3. Furthermore, to work out sustainable management strategies adapting to the characteristics of local resources, social context, and the government policies and guidelines.

並列關鍵字

watershed management ； land ethics ； disasters ； catchment ； water resources