施用鈣肥對‘金煌'檬果葉片無機養分、果實鈣含量及早肉劣變之影響

Effects of Ca Fertilizers on Leaf Mineral Nutrients Concentrations as well as Fruit Ca Concentration and Physiological Disorder of 'Chiin Hwang' Mango (Mangifera indica L.)

李雪如(S. R. Lee) ； 林慧玲(H. L. Lin) ； 謝慶昌(C. C. Shiesh) ； 李國權(K. C. Lee)

《中國園藝》 44卷3期 (1998/09) Pp. 363-370

https://doi.org/10.6964/JCSHS.199809.0363

摘要

於4年生‘金煌’檬果花芽萌發前（83年11月1日），在每株樹幹周圍加施100公克氯化鈣及10公斤蚵仔殻粉，一個月後開始不定期分析花穗下第一後段之葉片內無機元素。果實發育96日時，調查果肉內鈣含量，於果實發育後期再追蹤果肉發生劣變的比例。結果顯示，處理組之葉片內鉀濃度有減少趨勢，鈣濃度則有稍微增加：其他元素濃度影響小。12月至隔年6月（果實發育中期），葉片內氮、磷濃度變化小，鎂濃度變化不規則，鉀濃度從花芽萌發後開始下降，而鈣濃度逐漸增加。果肉內總鈣、水容性鈣及結合鈣含量在處理組與對照組之間無顯差異，三者皆以果梗端外層果肉最高，而以中段及果頂之內層果肉最低，水溶性鈣濃度約結合鈣之2-4倍（但依部位而異）。花後117日果實，對照組之果肉劣變發生率約50%，處理組約45%；花後145日之果實，對照組91%，處理組約84%。處理間差異不顯著但不同採收時間具有顯著的差異，果實劣變發生率與果實成熟度有很大的相關性。

關鍵字

無機元素 ； 果肉劣變

並列摘要

Prior to the burst of flower buds of 'Chiin Hwang' mango. 100g CaCl2 and 10kg shell-fish powder were applied to each tree. Leaf samples were taken from the first node adjacent to the inflorescence one month later and analyzed for inorganic elements. Mango fruits were also harvested 96 days after anthesis and determined for calcium content. Correlation was made between Ca concentration and percentage of flesh disorder later. Results indicated that calcium treated mango trees tended to have a lower K concentration. On the other hand, calcium was in the increase in the leaf no significant change was noted for the other elements.
From December to next June, leaf N and P concentrations changed little. No trend observed for Mg, Potassium decreased at the stage of buds unfold into flower, While Ca, enhanced. In mesocarp, no differences were found among total Ca, water soluble Ca and bond Ca. Their concentrations were the highest at the outer mesocarp of proximal end and the lowest at median and distal portions of inner mesocarp. Water soluble Ca concentration was 2-4 times higher than bond Ca. On day 117, the treated trees had 45% decayed fruits as compared with 50% in the control. The percentages were higher on day 145: the former was 84% and the latter 91%. However, difference was not significant statistically due to nigh variation of the sample. Close relationship were found between disorder and maturity of fruits.

並列關鍵字

mineral nutrients ； flesh disorder