落花生種間雜種結實之改進Ⅰ.更新、修剪及栽培環境之影響

Improvement on Fertility of Interspecific Hybrid F1 in Arachis Ⅰ. Effects of Pruning, Training and Cultivated Condition

郭麗君(Li-Chun Kuo) ； 胡澤寬(Tzer-Kaun Hu)

《農林學報》 50卷2期 (2001/06) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.30089/JAF.200106.0001

摘要

本研究以栽培種落花生台商選9號(Arachis hypogaea)與野生種(A. villosa)雜交所得之種間雜種F1扦插苗為材料，探討株齡、修剪及栽培環境對種間雜種生殖特性之影響，以作為改進種間雜種F1結莢之參考。試驗結果摘述如下：
1.F1扦插植株經更新修剪後可提高開花數、子房柄及莢果形成數。
2.無論於田間或溫室，半年生植株均有較高之開花及子房柄形成數。溫室栽培之結莢數隨株齡之增加呈降低之趨勢，田間栽培之結莢數則以一年生植株較高。
3.雖然整枝處理顯著減少開花數，且對結莢亦無顯著的促進效果，但保留兩個枝條的整枝處理顯著增加子房柄形成數，春季之處理效果優於秋季。
4.春作短日處理顯著抑制開花、子房柄及莢果形成。
5.半年生F1扦插植株種植於田間之子房柄雖較種植於溫室者為低，但由間有較高的結莢數，春季之子房柄及莢果數均高於秋季。

關鍵字

落花生 ； 種間雜種 ； 更新修剪 ； 生殖生長性狀

並列摘要

The interspecific hybrid obtained from the cross of Arachis hypogaea and A. villosa was conducted to examine the effects of plant age, pruning and cultivated condition on the reproductive characters. The results show that renewal pruning may promote the formation of flower, peg and pod. The half-year old hybrid produced the most number of flower and peg in field and greenhouse. The pod number of hybrid decrease in according with plant age increase in greenhouse, but the one-year old hybrid produced the more pods than the half-year old and new cuttings. Although the treatment of training decrease the flower number and do not promote pod set, hybrids retained 2 shoots significantly increase peg formation. The training effect in spring was higher than in fall season.
The short-day light inhibited flowering and peg formation in spring season. Since the half-year old hybrids planted in field produced a lower number of pegs, the pod number in field is higher than in greenhouse However, the peg and pod number in spring is higher than in fall season.

並列關鍵字

Arachis ； Interspecific hybrids ； Renewal pruning ； Reproductive characters