- 期刊
異氰酸酯種類對液化木材所製造聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體性質之影響
Effects of the Kind of Isocyanate on the Properties of Polyurethane Foams Made from Liquefied Wood
摘要
本研究利用聚乙二醇（PEG）為溶劑所液化之杉木及相思樹木材與PMDI、HDI、Desmodur N及Desmodur L等異氰酸酯混合調配聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂（PU），探討不同種類異氰酸酯對PU 樹脂反應性及所製造PU發泡體性質之影響。由結果得知，異氰酸酯種類會影響PU發泡體成型過程中之反應性及所製造PU發泡體之性質。其發泡速度依序為PMDI＞HDI＞Desmodur N＞Desmodur L，發泡效果則以PMDI最佳，Desmodur N次之，Desmodur L及HDI則較差。HDI及Desmodur L對液化木材具選擇性，其中HDI須配合PEG分子量1000之液化木材，Desmodur L須配合PEG分子量600及1000之液化木材始能獲得適當的發泡成型。以HDI為原料之PU發泡體壓縮強度低，耐水性不佳，浸水時重量損失率偏高。以Desmodur L為原料者其PU發泡體之壓縮強度高，呈現硬質狀態。以Desmodur N及PMDI為原料者可配合各種PEG分子量之液化木材而獲得良好之發泡成型，其中以Desmodur N為原料者，其PU發泡體具備柔軟特性，而以PMDI為原料者則有適當之壓縮強度，其各項性能較均衡。
並列摘要
In this study, polyurethane resins (PU) were prepared by blending polyethylene glycol (PEG) liquefied China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and Taiwan acacia (Acacia confusa) with various kinds of isocyanate, such as PMDI, HDI, Desmodur N and Desmodur L. From the results, the kind of isocyanate would influence the reactivity of PU resin at the stage of forming process and the properties of PU foams. The rate of foaming was in the order of PMDI, HDI, Desmodur N and Desmodur L. Among these four isocyanates, PMDI had the best forming effect, Desmodur N was the secondary, but Desmodur L and HDI were worse in forming. In order to obtain adequate forming, HDI should blend with liquefied wood that liquefied with PEG-1000 and Desmodur L should blend with liquefied wood that liquefied with PEG-600 or PEG-1000. PU Foams made with HDI had lower compression strength, worse water resistance and higher weight loss when soaking in water. PU foams made from Desmodur L had hard appearance and higher compression strength. PU foams made from Desmodur N and PMDI blended with liquefied wood could form well no matter the molecular weight of PEG. PU foams using Desmodur N as raw material had soft properties, and using PMDI had more balance properties and easy to cutting processing.
延伸閱讀
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