- 期刊
柳杉心材及邊材之多元醇液化及其在硬質PU發泡體製造之應用
The Liquefaction of Heartwood and Sapwood of Cryptomeria Japonica in the Polyhydric Alcohol and its Application in the Manufacturing of Rigid PU Foams
摘要
本研究將柳杉心材及邊材分別以聚乙二醇─丙三醇混合液為溶劑，H2SO4及HCl為催化劑進行液化處理，由試驗結果得知，以H2SO4為催化劑者具備較佳之液化效果，其液比可採用2.5／1，而在相同液化條件下，邊材之液化效果優於心材，FTIR 分析顯示經液化處理後木材組成分發生降解，並與液化溶劑以醚鍵產生結合，GPC分析顯示其重量平均分子量約2000。將H2SO4為催化劑之液化柳杉與聚二苯甲烷二異氰酸酯（PMDI）混合，並添加水為發泡劑可製造聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體（Polyurethane foams；PU foams），由FTIR 分析顯示其具備胺酯結構，此發泡體之密度介於0.03～0.04 g／cm3，且其垂直方向之壓縮應力大於水平方向；心材及邊材比較，以液化心材為原料者之壓縮應力較液化邊材為原料者高，壓縮形變量較小，耐溶劑性較佳；而以液化邊材為原料者吸水能力較大。DSC分析顯示此PU發泡體在250℃附近出現加熱之後硬化現象，其耐熱溫度在370℃以上。
並列摘要
Heartwood and sapwood of Cryptomeria japonica were liquefied in polyethylene glycol-glycerol co-solvent with HCl and H2SO4 as catalyst. Using H2SO4 as catalyst had better liquefaction effect than HCl. It could undergo the liquefaction with the weight ratio of solvent to wood as 2.5/1. Under the same conditions, sapwood had better effect of liquefaction than that of heartwood. The FTIR analysis indicated wood components were degraded and formed the derivatives with solvent by ether bonding. The GPC analysis showed that the liquefied wood had the weight average molecular weight about 2000. The polyurethane foams (PU foams) were made by blending the liquefied wood using H2SO4 as a catalyst with polymeric methylene diphenylene diisocyanate (PMDI) and adding water as blowing agent. The FTIR analysis showed that the urethane structure had formed in the PU foams. The density of the PU foams ranged from 0.03 to 0.04 g/cm3. The compression stress of these PU foams in the vertical direction was higher than that in the horizontal direction. Comparison between the heartwood and sapwood, using the liquefied heartwood as raw materials for PU foams manufacturing had higher compression stress, lower compression deformation and better solvent resistance than using liquefied sapwood. But the PU foams made from the liquefied sapwood had the higher capability of water absorption. The DSC analysis showed that the PU foams had a post curing reaction at the temperature around 250℃, and had the heat resistance up to 370℃.
延伸閱讀
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