鉀鹽處理對粉狀孟宗竹活性碳性質之影響

Manufacturing of Powder Activated Carbon from Moso Bamboo through Potassium Salts Processing

林曉洪(Sheau-Horng Lin)

《中華林學季刊》 40卷3期 (2007/09) Pp. 433-445

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200709.0010

摘要

本研究以孟宗竹為原料，含浸重量百分濃度3.0、4.5及6.0％之三種鉀鹽（KNO3、K3PO4、K2CO3）進行活化處理，次於400、600、800℃三種活化溫度下，持溫2 hr進行熱裂解，以製造粉狀活性碳。處理條件對孟宗竹活性碳品質之影響在探討之列。活性碳收率隨活化溫度提升而減少，400與600℃為活化溫度時，精製收率較高，達21.7％以上。三種藥劑中，K2CO3處理者收率最佳（29.9％）。藥劑濃度3.0％者收率（23.2％）較6％高（18.9％）。活性碳之BET比表面積，隨活化溫度增加而增加，800℃者最高（1320 m2／g）。各組條件中，以6.0％ KNO3及活化溫度800℃製得之活性碳比表面積最佳（1599 m2／g）。活性碳微孔隙體積以800℃製造者最大（0.0522 mL／g）。藥劑種類則以K3PO4（0.0424 mL／g）及KNO3（0.0393 mL／g）者較K2CO3（0.0162 mL／g）佳。至於碳元素重量百分比，以活化溫度800℃（82.57％）者高於400℃（77.87％）。試驗結果顯示，孟宗竹以鉀鹽活化後，再經適當之熱裂解處理，可獲致高品質之活性碳。

關鍵字

BET比表面積 ； 化學活化 ； 孟宗竹 ； 鉀鹽 ； 粉狀活性碳

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of manufacturing powder activated carbon (PAC) from economic bamboo species. The Moso bamboo, grown in Taiwan, was collected, processed and impregnated with three potassium salts (KNO3, K3PO4 and K2CO3) solutions at three concentrations (3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 %) before subjected to 400, 600, and 800℃ activation for two hours. The effects of these conditions on the quality of the products were evaluated. Resulted indicated that the yield of refined activated carbon decreased with increasing activation temperatures, and 400 and 600℃ had better PAC yields (above 21.7 %). The treatment of potassium carbonate among three potassium salts provided the highest yield (29.9 %) of PAC, and the 3 % concentration of chemicals had the highest yield (23.2 %). The BET specific surface area of the activated carbon also increased with increasing activation temperature. A BET specific surface area of 1599 m2/g could be reached when the specimen was impregnated in the 6.0 % KNO3 solution and pyrolysed at 800℃ for 2 hour retention. The average micropore volume of activated bamboo carbon were 0.0522 mL/g at 800℃of activation temperature. Potassium phosphate (0.0424 mL/g) and potassium carbonate (0.0393 mL/g) treated bamboo carbon showed higher micropore volume over KNO3. The weight percentage of carbon element was higher in those activated at 800℃ (82.57%) than those at 400℃ (77.87%). These results clearly showed that Moso bamboo is very suitable in producing high quality activated carbon when optimum activation conditions are applied.

並列關鍵字

BET specific surface area ； Chemical activation ； Moso bamboo ； Potassium salts ； Powder activated carbon (PAC)