生質炭應用於綠薄荷生長效應之研究

Application of Bio-Charcoal on the Growth Efficiency of Mentha Spicata

林曉洪(Sheau-Horng Lin) ； 吳森榮(Seng-Rung Wu) ； 萬皓鵬(Hou-Peng Wan) ； 徐慈文(Tzu-Wen Hsu) ； 蔡依珊(Yi-Shan Tsai) ； 莊評晰(Ping-Hsi Chuang)

《中華林學季刊》 46卷2期 (2013/06) Pp. 189-209

摘要

本研究之目的係製備栽培介質與柳杉（Cryptomeria japonica）生質炭混合作為綠薄荷（Mentha spicata.）栽培。栽培介質包含泥炭土、蛭石及真珠石及其容積為4:3:2。此等混合介質分別與生質焦炭容積比為100/0、20/80、40/60、50/50、60/40、80/20及0/100。觀察84天生長期，探討生質炭之添加對綠薄荷植株生物量（株高、葉面積、葉片數、鮮重、乾重、精油抽出量及色彩變化）之效應。與對照組比較（100/0），栽培介質／生質炭容積比80/20、60/40及50/50者有利於株高生長率。添加生質炭亦有利於葉面積生長率。然而，容積比為60/40者對葉片數及精油產量最有利；而且，栽培介質／生質炭容積比為80/20、60/40、50/50、40/60、20/80或0/100對葉片鮮重及葉片乾重生長率比100/0者為佳。上述7個評估指標顯示表現最佳者，其栽培介質／生質炭分別為80/20者占4/7、60/40（6/7）、50/50（3/7）及40/60、20/80、0/100占3/7，對綠薄荷植株生長具有促進之效應。尤其栽培介質／生質炭容積比60/40，可提供未來作為農業綠薄荷栽培應用之參考。

關鍵字

生質炭 ； 栽培介質 ； 生長效應 ； 柳杉 ； 綠薄荷

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to prepare the cultivation medium mixed with Japanese cedar bio-charcoal for cultivating Mentha spicata (Spearmint). The cultivation medium included peatmoss, vermiculite and perlite, and the volume ratio of these constituents was 4:3:2. The mixing ratios of cultivation medium to the Japanese cedar bio-charcoal were 100/0, 80/20, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 20/80, and 0/ 100. The effect of the added-bio-charcoal on the plant biomass of Spearmint such as plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, the essential oils extracted amount and color change after the growing period of 84 days were examined. The cultivation - medium/bio-charcoal with a volume ratio(80:20, 60:40 or 50:50)was favorable for plant height growth rate, compared with the control group. Adding the bio-charcoal was also favorable for the growth rate of leaf area, compared the cultivation medium without the bio-charcoal(i.e., 100/0). However, the cultivation-medium/bio-charcoal with a volume ratio of 60/40 was the most favorable for the growth rate of the number of leaves and essential oil yield. Also, the cultivation-medium/bio-charcoal with a volume ratios (80/20, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 20/80, or 0/100) were favorable for leaf fresh weight growth rate and leaf dry weight growth rate, compared the cultivation medium without the bio-charcoal (i.e., 100/0). The statistical results of above seven indicators showed that the cultivation-medium/bio-charcoal with a volume ratio [80/20(4/7), 60/40(6/7), 50/50(3/7), 40/60, 20/80, or 0/100(3/7)] has a positive effect on promoting Spearmint plant growth. Importantly, the optimum volume ratio of the cultivation medium to bio-charcoal was 60/40, which can be applied to the agricultural applications in the future.

並列關鍵字

Bio-charcoal ； Cultivation medium ； Growth efficiency ； Japonica cedar ； Mentha spicata(Spearmint)