里龍山區植群多樣性之研究

Study of Vegetation Diversity at Lilung Mountains

葉清旺(Qing-Wang Yeh) ； 謝思怡(Szu-I Hsieh) ； 陳子英(Tze-Ying Chen) ； 葉慶龍(Ching-Long Yeh) ； 李祈德(Chi-Te Lee)

《中華林學季刊》 45卷4期 (2012/12) Pp. 451-470

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.201212.0004

摘要

本研究於里龍山地區進行植群多樣性之研究，目的在了解此區域植群多樣性類型，共設置60個0.05 ha樣區，記錄559種維管束植物。經雙向指標種分析（TWINSPAN）及降趨對應分析（DCA），分出4型6亞型植物社會，分別為嶺南青剛櫟－豬腳楠型，其下再切分為山露兜－豬腳楠亞型與大野牡丹－銳脈木薑子亞型；紅果控木－鵝掌柴型，其下再切分為臺灣楊桐－鵝掌柴亞型與臺灣梭羅樹－樹杞亞型；咬人狗－大葉楠型，其下再切分為長梗紫麻－大葉楠亞型與九芎－土楠亞型；及北仲－烏柑仔型。里龍山地區物種多樣性（α多樣性）沿海拔高度呈現單峰模式；在植群結構方面，總胸高斷面積以中坡之臺灣梭羅樹－樹杞亞型最大，密度以稜線至主稜之嶺南青剛櫟－豬腳楠型最大；物種多樣性與資源生產力間為單峰關係。物種轉換（β多樣性）方面，海拔450～700 m及840～970 m處有明顯較高之物種轉換率，此與環境之快速改變有關，95.0%物種平均轉換率需522 m，海拔高度差400 m之平均物種轉換率為81.7%且草本之趨勢與木本相同，主要歸因於此地區生育地的多樣化。植群多樣性受季風影響，改變了木本植物之物種多樣性及結構，而藤本、附生植物及地被草本在里龍山兩側受季風之影響不大。

關鍵字

里龍山 ； 植群多樣性 ； α多樣性 ； β多樣性 ； 轉換率

並列摘要

This study focused on investigating the vegetation diversity of Lilung Mountains. The objective of this study is to understand the patterns of vegetation diversity in this area. Sixty plots of 0.05 ha are sampled and analyzed; 559 species of vascular plants are recorded in those plots. With plant communities classified by using TWINSPAN (two-way indicator species analysis) and species-environment relationships examined by using DCA (detrended correspondence analysis), the plant communities are classified into 6 subtypes under 4 main vegetation types. The first vegetation type is named the Cyclobalanopsis championii-Machilus thunbergii which can be subdivided into Freycinetia formosana-Machilus thunbergii subtype and Astronia formosana-Litsea acutivena subtype. The second vegetation type is named the Dysoxylum hongkongense-Schefflera octophylla which can be subcategorized into Adinandra formosana-Schefflera octophylla subtype and Reevesia formosana-Ardisia sieboldii subtype. The third vegetation type is named the Dendrocnide meyeniana-Machilus japonica var. kusanoi which can be subdivided into Oreocnide pedunculata-Machilus japonica var. kusanoi subtype and Lagerstroemia subcostata-Cryptocarya concinna subtype. The last vegetation type is named the Maytenus diversifolia-Severinia buxifolia type. The relationship between species-diversity (α-diversity) and altitude is emerging as a central theme in diversity studies. After analyzing the vegetation structures, the Reevesia formosana-Ardisia sieboldii subtype is growing with the biggest tree basal area and the Cyclobalanopsis championii-Machilus thunbergii type is occurring to the highest density. The relationship between species-diversity and Biomass appears to be the unimodal. The Zone turnover rates (β-diversity) are higher at the altitudes 450~670 m and 848~980 m respectively. The calculated rates indicate that a species composition rate of 95.0% is reached at 522 m. The Zone turnover rate at 400 m is 81.7%. The herb layer has same trend as wood layer. These may be due to the change in environmental conditions. Vegetation diversity is quiet affected by monsoon, especially in species diversity and the structures of woody plant, while the effect on the vines, epiphytes and herb plant (along the sides of the Lilung Mountain) is inconspicuous.

並列關鍵字

Lilung Mountains ； Vegetation diversity ； α-diversity ； β-diversity ； Turnover rate