丹大地區新植造林地及鄰近森林受草食動物損害情況

Herbivore Damage on New Plantations and Surrounding Forests at Danda

顏士清(Shih-Ching Yen) ； 廖昱銓(Yu-Chuan Liao) ； 王穎(Ying Wang)

《中華林學季刊》 45卷4期 (2012/12) Pp. 533-550

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.201212.0009

摘要

An overabundant herbivore population could have negative effects on the environment. In Danda, the plants in the forests and new plantations are facing this problem. In this study, we used sample plots and camera traps to survey the condition of plants and the abundance of medium-to-Iarge-sized mammals in Danda, between June 2011 and April 2012. Twenty-two sample plots in the 4 new plantations showed that ＞90% of Taiwan hemlock, Chinese guger-tree, sweet gum, Taiwan cherry, and Taiwan spruce saplings were damaged by animals. The damage ratios of Taiwania (74.37%) and Taiwan red cypress (44.44%) were slightly lower. Sambar deer browsing (49.95%) and muntjac or serow browsing (24.30%) were the 2 most frequent reasons for the damage. Eight sample plots in the forests showed that 31.65% of the trees were damaged by animals, and tree rubbing by sambar deer was the most frequent reason for the damage (19.55%). The sambar deer preferred to rub trees of smaller diameter. Thirteen camera traps, which totally work 57,730 h, indicated that sambar deer and muntjac were the 2 most abundant animals in Danda. Four species of carnivores were photographically captured and droppings of the black bear were observed in the new plantations, indicating high animal diversity in this habitat. We compared the non-hunting and hunting periods and found that the abundance of sambar deer, wild boar, and serow was reduced by ＞50% during the hunting period, highlighting the impact of hunting on the animals. To protect the forests and the planted saplings, controlling deer population by hunting would be a way deserves considering. An alternative way is to develop new plantation as places for environmental education. Considering the high biodiversity in this area, we believe this would be the best management policy.

關鍵字

水鹿 ； 磨痕 ； 自動相機 ； 狩獵 ； 環境教育

並列摘要

An overabundant herbivore population could have negative effects on the environment. In Danda, the plants in the forests and new plantations are facing this problem. In this study, we used sample plots and camera traps to survey the condition of plants and the abundance of medium-to-Iarge-sized mammals in Danda, between June 2011 and April 2012. Twenty-two sample plots in the 4 new plantations showed that ＞90% of Taiwan hemlock, Chinese guger-tree, sweet gum, Taiwan cherry, and Taiwan spruce saplings were damaged by animals. The damage ratios of Taiwania (74.37%) and Taiwan red cypress (44.44%) were slightly lower. Sambar deer browsing (49.95%) and muntjac or serow browsing (24.30%) were the 2 most frequent reasons for the damage. Eight sample plots in the forests showed that 31.65% of the trees were damaged by animals, and tree rubbing by sambar deer was the most frequent reason for the damage (19.55%). The sambar deer preferred to rub trees of smaller diameter. Thirteen camera traps, which totally work 57,730 h, indicated that sambar deer and muntjac were the 2 most abundant animals in Danda. Four species of carnivores were photographically captured and droppings of the black bear were observed in the new plantations, indicating high animal diversity in this habitat. We compared the non-hunting and hunting periods and found that the abundance of sambar deer, wild boar, and serow was reduced by ＞50% during the hunting period, highlighting the impact of hunting on the animals. To protect the forests and the planted saplings, controlling deer population by hunting would be a way deserves considering. An alternative way is to develop new plantation as places for environmental education. Considering the high biodiversity in this area, we believe this would be the best management policy.

並列關鍵字

Sambar deer ； Tree rubbing ； Camera trap ； Hunting ； Environmental education