台灣進口農產品「原產地規則」管理體系之研究

An Analysis on the Administrative System of Rule of Origin in Taiwans Imported Agricultural Products

黃琮琪(Tsorng-Chyi Hwang) ； 王惠正(Hui-Cheng Wang) ； 陳昇鴻(Sheng-Hung Chen) ； 葉春淵(Chun-Yune Yeh)

《台灣農學會報》 9卷2期 (2008/04) Pp. 139-150

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.200804_9(2).0004

摘要

本研究旨以針對台灣進口農產品「原產地規則」操作體系，進行改進分析與架構完整結構。首先，由於當前進口品追溯與標示制度及進口申請管理手段仍有改善空間，而且國產品缺乏明確向前及向後可追溯與標示機制。因此，應儘速建立國產與進口農產品之認證、追溯與標示，促進認證多元化及改善部分產品空有生產紀錄，卻仍無法用於追溯。其中，追溯機制包含所有食品與交易階段，可促進資訊信賴，改善食品安全與營運效率，但有技術、經濟資訊管理及法規問題，包含有條碼與無條碼控管狀況。其次，「商品標示法」明確，應適用農產品之義務性標示，但部分農產品標示困難，須設定「農產品標示方法」。農產品公平交易與競爭體系中，雖有法定條文，卻無主動檢查機制。同時，不公平競爭需要公平會協助免除，但農業機關應先提出明確要求，以示主動負責態度。為因應進口農產品原產地主張，進口農產品關稅稅則及分類應重新整頓。最後，目前我國執行原產地規則法令條文依據和執行手段不夠完整，仍有產品來源不明的明顯狀況，尤其是在國內銷售體系中缺乏明確主管機關以及跨部會合作機制，產品來源可追溯性偏低，不利國內農業的正常發展。

關鍵字

進口農產品 ； 原產地規則 ； 管理體系 ； 可追溯性 ； 日本原產地標示

並列摘要

This paper examines the completed administrative system of ”Rule of Origin” (ROO) in Taiwan's imported agricultural products. The goal is to improve the current traceability system for imported agricultural products, the mechanism in the origin labeling and application for the import goods. Hence, it is necessary to establish the standards for domestic and imported agricultural products, traceability, origin labeling, comprehensive identification and the keeping of production records. A traceability mechanism has to be established for the sale and distribution of food, thereby increasing the dependability of transaction information, and improving food security and operating efficiency. In establishing these standards, the technological aspects, economic information management and public regulations are all very important factors. They should also encompass the coding and uncoding inspections in production. The ”Products Labeling Act” could be applicable to voluntary labeling in agricultural products, but it's difficult for some agricultural products to be labeled. Still, the agricultural Products Labeling Act is essential and needs to be enhanced. In the competitive agricultural market, although there are some governmental acts to support, active examination of these acts is lacking. At the same time, the ”Fair Trade Commission” regulates competition, but other agricultural authorities are actively responsible for enforcing compliance. For the purpose of strengthening ROO, the tariff rules and classification system for some imported agricultural products has to be amended further in the future. Finally, it's not enough for the ROO regulations and administrative measures to be implemented. Some imported agricultural products still have ambiguous origins. In particular, those measures lack the clear regulatory authorization and inter-departmental cooperation mechanisms to regulate domestic sales distribution. The ability to trace the origin of some products is ineffective, damaging the normal development for agriculture in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Imported Agricultural Products ； Rule of Origin ROO ； Administrative System ； Traceability ； ROO Labeling