不同溫度下淹水對小白菜產量與品質的影響

Effects of Waterlogging on the Yield and Quality of Golden Pai-tsai under Different Temperatures

陳亮憓(Liang-Hui Chen) ； 蔡秀隆(Shiow-Long Tsai) ； 鄭延景(Yan-Jing Cheng)

《台灣農學會報》 9卷5期 (2008/10) Pp. 446-459

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.200810_9(5).0003

摘要

本試驗主要目的為探討淹水逆境(waterlogging stress)對小白菜產量與品質的影響。小白菜經淹水處理24、48及120小時後發現，淹水48小時處理的小白菜產量明顯低於對照組處理，而在不同生育期方面，以四葉期的小白菜進行淹水試驗較為敏感。溫度處理試驗中，將黃金白菜(Brassica chinensis L. Golden Pai-tsai)種於盆缽內(φ13.5 cm)，放入生長箱中光照16小時／暗期8小時，設定3種不同日夜溫處理（30/25、25/20、20/15℃；日／夜），待植株生長至第四葉完全展開時，進行淹水處理48小時。在植株淹水處理48小時後，取地上部進行分析稱為排水期前(before drainage)取樣，之後隨即排除盆內的積水。排水後，待植株生長至第八片葉完全展開時，進行採收取樣分析則稱為採收期(harvest)取樣。試驗結果顯示，排水期取樣的植株經過淹水處理48小時，鮮重即嚴重受到淹水逆境的影響，不同溫度的處理則較不明顯，而採收期取樣時，高溫(30/25℃)處理會加重淹水逆境的傷害，小白菜產量明顯低於其他兩個溫度處理。在排水期時，植株內所含的總氮濃度(total nitrogen concentration)，在不同的溫度處理間有顯著差異，淹水處理的植株總氮濃度，明顯低於對照組。排水期時，淹水處理植株的硝酸鹽濃度降低，隨著溫度增高降低幅度變大，採收期時則無論是淹水處理或對照組，皆以中溫(25/20℃)處理的硝酸鹽濃度最高。低溫(20/15℃)淹水處理下，植株硝酸還原酵素(nitrate reductase)活性會略高於對照組，但在統計上沒有顯著差異。淹水處理的植株抗壞血酸(ascorbic acid)濃度與累積量則明顯低於對照組。

關鍵字

淹水 ； 小白菜 ； 產量 ； 品質

並列摘要

The goal of this experiment was to study effects of waterlogging on the yield and quality of Golden Pai-tsai. At the two leaf growth stage, Golden Pai-tsai was waterlogged for 24, 48 and 120 hours. The yield of Golden Pai-tsai significantly reduced after 48 hours of waterlogging. It was better to use the four leaf growth stage of Golden Pai-tsai to study the waterlogging experiments. We planted Golden Pai-tsai (Brassica rapa L. var. chinensis) in the pots (φ13.5 cm) and put them in the growth chamber (light/dark; 16/8 hours) under three day/night temperature treatments (30/25, 25/20, 20/15℃. Until the fourth leaf fully expanded, plants were waterlogged for 48 hours. Upon termination of waterlogging, plant shoots were harvested to assess the yield and quality (before drainage) and some plants were kept till the eight leaf expanded then harvested (harvest stage) for yield and quality analysis. The fresh weight of the plant after 48 hours of waterlogging (before drainage) were seriously affected, with similar results at different temperature treatments. However, the plant yield reduction was aggravated at harvest stage under high temperature (30/25℃). The total nitrogen concentration of plants after 48 hours of waterlogging was significantly lower than the control at all temperature treatments. The nitrate concentrations of plants after waterlogging decreased and the reduction was more prominent under high temperature. At harvest stage, whether waterlogging treatment or control, the hightest nitrate concentration of the plants was under the medium temperature (25/20℃). In the low temperature treatment (20/15℃), the activity of nitrate was higher than control. But there were no significant differences in the statistics. The contents and concentrations of ascorbic acid in the experimental plants were significantly lower than control.

並列關鍵字

waterlogging ； Golden Pai-tsai ； yield ； quality