台灣甘藷品種之ISSR DNA標誌變異研究

Variation in ISSR DNA Markers among Varieties of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivated in Taiwan

簡靖華(Ching-Hua Chien) ； 賴永昌(Yung-Chang Lai) ； 陳一心(Yi-Sin Chen) ； 林順福(Shun-Fu Lin)

《台灣農學會報》 10卷4期 (2009/08) Pp. 255-271

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.200908_10(4).0001

摘要

本研究以DNA分子標誌評估台灣甘藷品種之遺傳變異，共篩選100條ISSR引子，獲得81個具多型性之分子標誌，其中23個分子標誌具有訊號較強之穩定條帶，可利用於建立台灣地區甘藷品種之DNA指紋資料庫。甘藷品種之遺傳相似性分析結果顯示台灣主要甘藷品種間之遺傳距離介於12.5%到94.4%之間，各品種間之平均遺傳距離為54.9%，利用多向雜交族群所選育之新品種分散在各個樹狀圖分群中，顯示台灣新育成甘藷品種已具有較大程度的遺傳歧異性。分群分析及主成份分析結果均發現台灣甘藷品種群與中國大陸品種群有較大之遺傳距離，顯示中國大陸甘藷種原未來可利用於雜交親本之潛力。而主成份分析結果亦推薦一套有效率之品種鑑定流程，此一流程以6條引子所增幅之14個分子標誌為工具。分別以兩個塊根用（台農66號及桃園1號）及兩個葉菜用甘藷品種（桃園2號及台農71號）為材料探討無性繁殖可能產生之遺傳變異，分析相同品種不同植株之ISSR分子標誌之差異，各個參試品種調查約2,640~3,510個分子標誌，發現品種內約有0.94%~1.86%之ISSR分子標誌變異。本研究所建立甘藷品種之DNA分子指紋資料將可供甘藷品種鑑定、品種繁殖及品種改良之參考。

關鍵字

甘藷 ； 分子標誌 ； 品種鑑定

並列摘要

To evaluate the genetic diversity of sweet potato varieties collected in Taiwan, ISSR DNA markers were applied in this study. Eighty-one informative markers detecting differences among varieties were proposed after the screen of 100 primers. And 23 out of these markers with strong and stable bands were used to establish DNA fingerprints of each variety and to evaluate the genetic diversity among germplasm. Results of genetic similarity analysis revealed the genetic distance among varieties ranged from 12.5% to 94.4%, and the average distance was 54.9%. The new varieties selected from polycross populations were distiribtued in different groups of cluster analysis indicating the wide diversity among the varieties. However, large genetic distance between varieties developed in Taiwan and germplasm introduced from China was observed both in cluster analysis and principal component coordinate analysis suggesting the potential uses of China germplasm as breeding parents in the future. In addition, an effective scheme, employing 6 primers to amplify 14 polymorphic markers, for variety identification was proposed. To detect somatic variation that resulted from vegetative propagation, individual plants from 2 varieties (TNG 66 and TAY 1) for tube production and 2 (TNG 71 and TAY 2) for leaf production were tested with ISSR markers. About 0.94%~1.86% of ISSR DNA variation for each variety was detected from 2640~3510 surveyed markers. The DNA fingerprints developed in this study would provide information for variety identification, clonal propagation, and genetic improvement of sweet potato.

並列關鍵字

Sweet potato ； Molecular marker ； Variety identification