Tree Nut Consumption Improves Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality in US Adults: an Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004

木本核果攝取改善美國成人營養素攝取及飲食品質：1994-2004年國家健康及營養調查的分析

Carol E O'Neil ； Debra R Keast ； Victor L Fulgoni III ； Theresa A Nicklas

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 19卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 142-150

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2010.19.1.20

摘要

Recent epidemiologic studies assessing tree nut (almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios, and walnuts) consumption and the association with nutrient intake and diet quality are lacking. This study determined the association of tree nut consumption and nutrient intake and diet quality using a nationally representative sample of adults. Adults 19+ years (y) (n=13,292) participating in the 1999- 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Intake was determined from 24-hour diet recalls; tree nut consumers were defined as those consuming ≥¼ ounce/day (7.09 g). Means, standard errors, and ANOVA (adjusted for covariates) were determined using appropriate sample weights. Diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2005. Among consumers, mean intake of tree nuts/tree nut butters was 1.19 + 0.04 oz/d versus 0.01 + 0.00 oz/d for non-consumers. In this study, 5.5 ± 0.3 % of individuals 19-50 y (n=7,049) and 8.4 ± 0.6 % of individuals 51+ y (n=6,243) consumed tree nuts/tree nut butters. Mean differences (p＜0.01) between tree nut consumers and non-consumers of adult shortfall nutrients were: fiber (+5.0 g/d), vitamin E (+3.7 mg AT/d), calcium (+73 mg/d), magnesium (+95 mg/d), and potassium (+260 mg/d). Tree nut consumers had lower sodium intake (-157 mg/d, p＜0.01). Diet quality was significantly higher in tree nut consumers (58.0±0.4 vs. 48.5±0.3, p＜0.01). Tree nut consumption was associated with a higher overall diet quality score and improved nutrient intakes. Specific dietary recommendations for nut consumption should be provided for consumers.

關鍵字

木本核果 ； 營養素攝取 ； 飲食適當性 ； 健康飲食指數-2005 ； 國家健康及營養調查

並列摘要

Recent epidemiologic studies assessing tree nut (almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios, and walnuts) consumption and the association with nutrient intake and diet quality are lacking. This study determined the association of tree nut consumption and nutrient intake and diet quality using a nationally representative sample of adults. Adults 19+ years (y) (n=13,292) participating in the 1999- 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Intake was determined from 24-hour diet recalls; tree nut consumers were defined as those consuming ≥¼ ounce/day (7.09 g). Means, standard errors, and ANOVA (adjusted for covariates) were determined using appropriate sample weights. Diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2005. Among consumers, mean intake of tree nuts/tree nut butters was 1.19 + 0.04 oz/d versus 0.01 + 0.00 oz/d for non-consumers. In this study, 5.5 ± 0.3 % of individuals 19-50 y (n=7,049) and 8.4 ± 0.6 % of individuals 51+ y (n=6,243) consumed tree nuts/tree nut butters. Mean differences (p＜0.01) between tree nut consumers and non-consumers of adult shortfall nutrients were: fiber (+5.0 g/d), vitamin E (+3.7 mg AT/d), calcium (+73 mg/d), magnesium (+95 mg/d), and potassium (+260 mg/d). Tree nut consumers had lower sodium intake (-157 mg/d, p＜0.01). Diet quality was significantly higher in tree nut consumers (58.0±0.4 vs. 48.5±0.3, p＜0.01). Tree nut consumption was associated with a higher overall diet quality score and improved nutrient intakes. Specific dietary recommendations for nut consumption should be provided for consumers.

並列關鍵字

tree nuts ； nutrient intake ； dietary adequacy ； healthy eating index-2005 ； NHANES