Dietary Habits and Overweight/obesity in Adolescents in Xi'an City, China

中国西安市青少年饮食習惯和超重肥胖

Ming Li ； Michael J Dibley ； David W Sibbritt ； Hong Yan

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 19卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 76-82

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2010.19.1.10

摘要

本文探讨中国西安市青少年饮食習惯及其和超重肥胖的关系。2004年从西安市城郊6区30所学校抽取了1804名初中生进行调查。体重身高由统一培训的研究成员测量。饮食習惯由学生填写验证过的问卷采集。饮食習惯和超重肥胖的关系通过回歸分析获得。结果显示：男生三餐之外零食及进食薯条次数明显多于女生；女生喝饮料及吃油炸食物多于男生。男生中，喝软饮料和超重肥胖呈正相关（每日1100毫升，OR:1.9；95%可信区间：1.1-3.8）；吃果脯为负相关因素（OR:0.6；95%可信区间：0.5-0.9）。女生中，在外早餐、食用高热量食物显著增加超重肥胖的风险。在这组研究人群中，和超重肥胖显著相关的饮食因素有：在外早餐、喝软饮料、食用高热量快餐食品。预防超重肥胖应当考虑这些饮食習惯。

關鍵字

饮食習惯 ； 青少年 ； 超重肥胖 ； 横断面调查 ； 中国

並列摘要

This study explored the association between dietary habits and overweight and obesity in adolescents from Xi'an City, China. A cross-sectional sample of 1804 adolescents was recruited in 2004 from 30 junior high schools in six districts of Xi'an City, northwest China. Weight and height was measured and eating habits assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to identify dietary patterns associated with overweight and obesity and adjusted for socio-demographic factors. Consumption of foods and beverages outside three main meals, and potato chips was more popular in boys than in girls, while girls consumed more fried food and soft drinks than boys. In boys, an increased consumption of soft drinks was associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity (1100 mL/day, OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.8), while consuming preserved fruit was associated with decreased risk (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5-0.9). In girls, having breakfast outside the home (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1-2.3) and an increased consumption of energy-dense foods (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.04-2.9), was associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity, while frequently having foods and beverages outside the three main meals (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.9) was associated with decreased risk. The consumption of breakfast outside the home, soft drinks and energy-dense fast foods were positively associated with overweight and obesity in adolescents. Future health education programs to prevent excess weight gain should target such unhealthy eating habits.

並列關鍵字

dietary habits ； adolescents ； overweight and obesity ； cross-sectional ； China