The Use of Table and Cooking Salt in a Sample of Australian Adults

澳洲成人對餐桌用鹽與烹調用鹽的使用

Carley A Grimes ； Lynn J Riddell ； Caryl A Nowson

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 19卷2期 (2010/05) Pp. 256-260

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2010.19.2.15

摘要

背景：飲食中的鈉主要來源為食鹽，而其攝取被認為與高血壓有關。澳洲成人鹽的攝取量高於建議量，而且約15%的飲食中鈉是來自於用餐及烹調時添加的食鹽。目的：調查自主性用鹽的頻率及相關的人口學特性。研究設計：在墨爾本市區購物中心進行橫斷性調查。利用問卷評估參與者對食鹽的使用以及對鹽攝取的態度。結果：此調查共有474位參與者（65%為女性，高加索白人佔77%，有大學學歷者佔64%），其中89%的參與者被歸類為鹽使用者，11%為非鹽使用者。鹽使用者當中有52%自述在烹調時及用餐時總是或有時候會添加鹽。亞洲裔或年齡為18至24歲者較有可能為鹽使用者。結論：自主性用鹽者的比例仍是高的。為了有效降低國民食鹽的攝取，相關的公共衛生活動是迫切需要的，包括建議消費者減少自主性用鹽，同時減低加工食品中鹽的添加。這些活動應涵蓋較年輕的族群及應適合所有種族背景者，以提升對於高鹽飲食危害健康的風險之體認。

關鍵字

鈉 ； 飲食 ； 食鹽 ； 澳洲 ； 公共衛生

並列摘要

Background: Dietary sodium, the major source being salt, is associated with hypertension. Australian adults consume more than the recommended amount of salt and approximately 15% of dietary sodium comes from salt added at the table and during cooking. Objective: To determine the frequency of and the demographic characteristics associated with discretionary salt use. Design: A cross sectional survey conducted in shopping centres within Metropolitan Melbourne. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing discretionary salt use and attitudes to salt intake. Outcomes: Four hundred and seventy four surveys were collected (65% female, 77% Caucasian, 64% holding a university qualification). Eighty nine percent of respondents were classified as salt users and 11% as non-salt users. Of the salt users 52% reported that they always or sometimes add salt during cooking and at the table. Those of Asian descent and younger respondents aged 18-24 years were more likely to be salt users (χ^2=12.3, df=2, p＜0.001; χ^2=19.2, df=5, p＜0.01). Conclusion: Discretionary salt use remains high. To successfully reduce population dietary salt intake public health campaigns are urgently required and need to include consumer advice to reduce discretionary salt use, whilst reducing the salt added to processed foods. Such campaigns should include younger age groups and should be appropriate for all ethnic backgrounds to raise the awareness of the risks of a high salt diet on health.

並列關鍵字

sodium ； dietary ； table salt ； Australia ； public health