Cross-sectional Reference Values of Upper Arm Anthropometry of the Khasi Tribal Adolescents of Meghalaya, India

印度梅加拉亞邦的卡西部族青少年的上臂測量之橫斷性參考值

Debashis Basu ； Deimaphishisha Sun ； Indraneel Banerjee ； Y Momo Singh ； Jennifer G Kalita ； Vadlamudi Raghavendra Rao

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 19卷2期 (2010/05) Pp. 283-288

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2010.19.2.19

摘要

位於印度的卡西部族有獨特的種族身分，其地理位置亦較印度的其他地區孤立。雖然這個族群已被證實有長期熱量缺乏現象，但是他們的營養狀況並沒有隨著印度近十年經濟的成長而再次被評估。因此，本研究是藉由橫斷性分析來評估梅加拉亞邦11至17歲卡西部族青少年世代之同一種族樣本的營養狀況。透過下列人體測量來評估：總上臂面積、上臂肌肉面積、上臂脂肪面積以及手臂脂肪指數。本研究總共有670位青少年參與（包括335位男生，335位女生）。與美國的1999-2002年NHANES的標準來比較，所有年齡層的卡西族女性青少年的上臂肌肉面積皆較低，而上臂肌肉面積是用以測量上臂肌肉的質量。相反地，所有年齡層的卡西族男性青少年的手臂脂肪指數則是較NHANES的標準低，而手臂脂肪指數是上臂脂肪質量的指標，這顯示上臂肌肉以及脂肪組成有性別上的差異。因此，我們根據上臂間接體組成測量的結果推斷，當代的卡西族青少年仍然有營養缺乏現象，而其肌肉及脂肪比例則兩性互異。

關鍵字

營養狀況 ； 上臂間接人體測量 ； 卡西族 ； 青少年 ； 印度

並列摘要

The Khasi tribal people in India with their distinct ethnic identity have relative geographic isolation from the rest of the country. Although chronic energy deficiency has been documented in this population, their nutritional status has not been re-evaluated following a decade of economic growth in India. In this study, the nutritional status of an ethno-homogenous sample of contemporary Khasi tribal adolescent cohort of age 11+ to 17+ years in the state of Meghalaya, India has been assessed by cross sectional analysis. This was achieved through the use of the following derived anthropometric measurements - total upper arm area (TUA), upper arm muscle area (UMA), upper arm fat area (UFA), and arm fat index (AFI). A total of 670 adolescents (335 boys; 335 girls) participated in this study. In comparison with North American NHANES 1999-2002 standards, UMA, a measure of upper arm muscle mass, was lower at all age groups in Khasi girls. Conversely, in Khasi boys, AFI, a marker of upper arm fat mass was lower at all age groups, thereby showing a gender dimorphic difference in upper limb muscle and fat proportions. We conclude that in upper arm indirect anthropometry, contemporary Khasi adolescent children remain nutritionally deficient with gender dimorphic muscle and fat proportions.

並列關鍵字

nutritional status ； upper limb indirect anthropometry ； Khasi ； adolescents ； India