A Comparative Study of the Culture of Thinness and Nutrition Transition in University Females in Four Countries

比較四個國家的大學女學生對體型的看法及營養轉變

Hala N Madanat ； Ryan Lindsay ； Steven R Hawks ； Ding Ding

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 20卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 102-108

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2011.20.1.15

摘要

本研究的目的是探討四個國家攸關體型不滿意及飲食型態而致的營養轉變。目標族群為中國、日本、約旦及美國的大學學生，分別有207人、865人、322人及432人。以橫斷性調查評估飲食型態、不當的飲食態度及行為、體型自覺良好及不滿、媒體影響程度。研究結果指出，中國學生處於營養轉變的早期階段，接著是日本、約旦及美國。有趣的是，約旦和中國的學生對體型的不滿意程度最低。然而，約旦的學生在飲食克制程度與日本及美國一樣高。日本學生則顯示出偏好纖瘦的文化與體型不滿意、飲食型態的複雜關係。然而，美國學生反映出如預期的體型不滿意程度、高度的飲食克制、情緒化的進食及不當的飲食態度及行為。本研究結果的啟示與進一步研究的建議亦在本文中加以討論。

關鍵字

亞洲 ； 飲食行為 ； 身體形象 ； 過重 ； 營養

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine the nutrition transition in four countries with respect to body dissatisfaction and eating styles. The target population for this study was college students in China (n=207), Japan (n=865), Jordan (n=322), and the United States (n=432). A cross-sectional survey was used to assess eating styles, disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, body esteem and dissatisfaction, and media influence. Results indicated that the Chinese sample was in an earlier stage of the nutrition transition, followed by Japan, Jordan, and the US. Interestingly, Jordanian and Chinese students exhibited the lowest level of body dissatisfaction. However, Jordanian students exhibited high levels of restrained eating similar to those seen in the Japanese and American students. The Japanese sample demonstrated a complex relationship between the culture of thinness, body dissatisfaction and eating styles. However the US sample reflected the expected levels of body dissatisfaction, high levels of restrained eating, emotional eating, and disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. Implications and suggestions for further research are discussed.

並列關鍵字

Asia ； eating behavior ； body image ； overweight ； nutrition