Exclusive Breastfeeding of Low Birth Weight Infants for the First Six Months: Infant Morbidity and Maternal and Infant Anthropometry

六個月內完全哺餵母乳對低出生體重嬰兒之罹病率及母親和嬰兒體位的影響

Grace V Agrasada ； Uwe Ewald ； Elisabeth Kylberg ； Jan Gustafsson

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 20卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 62-68

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2011.20.1.10

摘要

前言：探討足月的低出生體重嬰兒之體位與罹病率，以及分析他們的母親在分娩後六個月內，哺餵母乳情形及體位改變狀況。材料與方法：分析資料來自菲律賓馬尼拉一項隨機對照試驗。將204位母親隨機分派，其中68位接受8次產後母乳哺餵諮詢課程。紀錄產後母親與嬰兒在六個月內的體位變化共四次，分別在分娩完、兩個月、四個月與第六個月。並安排七次醫院回診，由面訪者記錄哺餵情形。結果：24位六個月內完全母乳哺餵之嬰兒都未發生腹瀉，而134位部份哺餵母乳與21位完全沒有哺餵母乳之嬰兒平均腹瀉持續日數分別為2.3天與2.5天。部份哺餵母乳與未哺餵母乳之嬰兒，比起完全母乳哺餵之嬰兒，呼吸道感染的發生率比較高，也較嚴重。在第六個月時，嬰兒之體重、身長、頭圍及母親之體重及身體質量指數之改變，在各組皆無顯著差異。結論：建議給予足月的低出生體重嬰兒完全母乳哺餵持續六個月，可預防腹瀉與降低呼吸道感染，免除住院需求，同時維持正常成長。而且六個月內完全哺餵母乳之母親與部份哺餵或是完全不哺餵母乳者，體重變化沒有差異。

關鍵字

哺餵母乳 ； 諮詢 ； 腹瀉 ； 體位 ； 成長

並列摘要

Background: to report anthropometry and morbidity among term low birth weight infants and anthropometry of their first time mothers during the first six months in relation to breastfeeding practice. Methods: we examined data from a randomized controlled trial in Manila, the Philippines. Of the 204 mothers randomized, 68 mothers received eight postpartum breastfeeding counseling sessions, the rest did not. Maternal and infant anthropometric data at birth, 2, 4 and 6 months were taken. During seven follow-up hospital visits, an independent interviewer recorded feeding data. Results: the 24 infants exclusively breastfed from birth to six months did not have diarrhea compared to 134 partially breastfed (mean 2.3 days) and 21 non-breastfed infants (mean 2.5 days). Partially breastfed and non-breastfed infants compared to exclusively breastfed infants had more frequent, as well as more severe episodes of respiratory infections. At six months, neither overall gain in infant weight, length and head circumferences nor mean maternal weight and body mass index differed significantly between the feeding groups. Conclusions: exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months can be recommended in term low birth weight infants, who were protected from diarrhea, had fewer respiratory infections, required no hospitalization and had catch up growth. Exclusively breastfeeding mothers did not differ from mothers who breastfed partially or those who did not breastfeed with regard to weight changes at six months.

並列關鍵字

breastfeeding ； counseling ； diarrhea ； anthropometry ； growth