Disturbed Eating Tendency and Related Factors in Grade Four to Six Elementary School Students in Taiwan

台灣國小四到六年級學童病態飲食行為傾向及相關影響因子探討

Yue-Ching Wong ； Yu-Jhen Chang ； Shu-Wei Tsao

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 23卷1期 (2014/03) Pp. 112-120

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2014.23.1.07

摘要

本研究主要目的在瞭解台灣國小四到六年級的學童的體型狀態、體型滿意度及病態飲食行為傾向。本研究為橫斷式調查，共有1261位四到六年級的國小學童參與本研究。以匿名自填式問卷為研究工具，內容包括：基本資料、體型滿意度、兒童版飲食態度測驗（ChEAT-26）、內外控信念量表（Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale）、重要他人影響量表及媒體影響量表。結果發現：58.4%的學童體型正常，分別有32.7%的男童及22.2%女童體型為過重或肥胖，然而卻有39.0%的學童希望自己能再瘦一點。學童之ChEAT-26平均分數為8.71±8.35分，10.5%的學童為病態飲食行為傾向高危險群（ChEAT-26≧20），男童及女童分別為8.4%及12.6%。學童之ChEAT-26得分與內外控信念量表、重要他人影響量表及媒體影響量表得分皆呈現顯著正相關。具病態飲食行為傾向的高危險群學童其外控信念、受重要他人及媒體影響程度皆顯著高於低危險群。多元邏輯迴歸顯示，「體型滿意度」、「內外控信念」、「重要他人影響程度」及「媒體影響程度」與學童病態飲食行為傾向有顯著相關性。病態飲食行為相關問題確實存在於台灣國小學童，本研究結果突顯出國小學童需要有健康心理與飲食行為的教育。

關鍵字

兒童飲食態度測驗 ； 內外控信念 ； 重要他人 ； 媒體 ； 國小學童

並列摘要

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated Taiwanese elementary school students' status in terms of body size, body satisfaction and disturbed eating tendencies. METHODS: In a cross-sectional survey, 1,261 elementary school children from grades four to six participated in this study. We used an anonymous self-reported questionnaire, which included: demographics and body satisfaction; Children’s Eating Attitude Test -26 (ChEAT-26); Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale; and Influence of Significant Others Scale and Media Impact Scale. RESULTS: We found that 58.4% of the children were of normal weight, and 32.7% of the boys and 22.2% of the girls were over-weight or obese. Moreover, 39% of the children wanted to be thinner. The mean ChEAT-26 score was 8.71±8.35, and 10.5% of the children were at high risk for disturbed eating tendencies (ChEAT-26≥20), including 8.4% of the boys and 12.6% of the girls. Scores on the ChEAT-26, Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale, Influence of Significant Others Scale and Media Impact Scale were positively correlated. The level of external control and the influence of significant others and the media were significantly higher in children with disturbed eating attitudes than in those without them. Multivariable logistic regressions showed that disturbed eating attitudes were associated with body satisfaction, locus of control, and the level of influence of significant others and the media. Conclusions: Disturbed eating behaviors exist among elementary school students in Taiwan. This survey highlights the need for education in acquiring healthy mental attitudes and eating behaviors by elementary school students.

並列關鍵字

Children's Eating Attitude Test-26 ； locus of control ； significant others ； media ； elementary school students

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