Relationship between Perinatal Antioxidant Vitamin and Heavy Metal Levels and the Growth and Cognitive Development of Children at 5 Years of Age

围产期抗氧化维生素和重金属水平与5岁儿童生长和认知发展之间的关系

Yongfang Liu ； Qian Chen ； Xiaoping Wei ； Li Chen ； Xuan Zhang ； Ke Chen ； Jie Chen ； Tingyu Li

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 24卷4期 (2015/12) Pp. 650-658

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2015.24.4.25

摘要

为了评估出生前维生素和重金属暴露对出生后生长发育的影响。我们测定了产妇血清和脐带血中抗氧化维生素（A、E和C）的含量。本研究共测量了97名5岁儿童的全量表智商、操作智商和语言智商。其中维生素A 的胎盘转运率（PTR）与全量表智商成正相关（p=0.041），维生素E的胎盘转运率与操作智商（p=0.002）和全量表智商（p=0.025）评分成正相关。脐血镉水平与5岁儿童的语言智商呈负相关（p=0.025）。较高的维生素E胎盘转运率是操作智商（OR=0.025；p=0.021）和全量表智商（OR＜0.001；p=0.004）的保护因素。高龄产妇是语言智商（OR=0.661；95% CI=0.500-0.875；p=0.004）和全量表智商（OR=0.700；95% CI=0.512-0.957；p=0.025）的保护因素。母亲拥有较高的受教育水平（OR=0.038；95% CI=0.003-0.458；p=0.010）和经济水平（OR=0.047；95% CI=0.004-0.579；p=0.017）是全量表智商的保护因素。维生素A的转运率可以预测出生后的生长发育。维生素A和维生素E转运率可以预测5岁儿童的智力测试水平。脐血中镉的水平越高可能对出生后的智力造成负面影响。

關鍵字

抗氧化维生素 ； 重金属 ； 智商 ； 脐血 ； 孩子

並列摘要

To evaluate how prenatal exposure to antioxidant vitamins and heavy metals affects subsequent development. Maternal serum and cord serum levels of antioxidant vitamins (A, E, and C) were determined. Full-state, performance, and verbal intelligence quotients (FSIQ, PIQ, and VIQ, respectively) of 97 children were assessed at 5 years of age. The placental transport ratio (PTR: cord level relative to maternal serum level) of vitamin A (VA) was associated positively with FSIQ score (p=0.041), vitamin E (VE)-PTR was associated positively with PIQ (p=0.002) and FSIQ (p=0.025) scores, and cord serum cadmium (Cd) level was correlated negatively with VIQ score (p=0.025) at 5 years of age. High VE-PTR protected against low PIQ (OR=0.025; p=0.021) and FSIQ (OR＜0.001; p=0.004). High maternal age was a protective factor against low VIQ (OR=0.661; 95% CI, 0.500- 0.875; p=0.004) and FSIQ (OR=0.700; 95% CI, 0.512-0.957; p=0.025). A higher maternal education (OR=0.038; 95% CI, 0.003-0.458; p=0.010) and economic level (OR=0.047; 95% CI, 0.004-0.579; p=0.017) were protective against a low FSIQ score. VA-PTR predicted physical growth. VA-PTR and VE-PTR predicted intelligence test performance at 5 years old. High Cd in cord blood may negatively affect subsequent intelligence.

並列關鍵字

antioxidant vitamins ； heavy metals ； intelligence quotients ； cord blood ； children