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混合動植物油對大白鼠脂質代謝的影響
Effect of Blended Fats on Lipid Metabolism in Rats
摘要
大多數研究有關飲食脂肪對血漿或肝臟脂質的代謝時，都使用單一的脂肪酸組成作為飲食脂肪的來源。本實驗採用近似吾人飲食脂肪之組成，於不含膽固醇或添加膽固醇(l%)狀況下，瞭解其對體內脂質代謝的影響。以五星期大的SD大白鼠，分別餵以含15%黃豆油、豬油、或混合油（黃豆油／豬油，50/50）為飲食脂肪之半合成飼料四星期。結果顯示，於血脂質方面，不論飼料中膽固醇之有無，豬油組有較高的血膽固醇濃度，而混合油組之血膽固醇濃度並不比黃豆油組高；不含膽固醇飲食組之三酸甘油酯較高膽固醇飲食組者高，而磷脂質在各組間並無顯著差異。在肝臟脂質方面，於不含膽固醇飲食中，總膽固醇或遊離膽固醇、三酸甘油酯、磷脂質等在各組間均無顯著差異；於高膽固醇飲食中，黃豆油組、豬油組與混合油組之膽固醇、三酸甘油酯，均高於低膽固醇飲食之對應組，而磷脂質卻較低；又，肝臟中的遊離膽固醇含量，在添加或不添加膽固醇飲食中三組均相似，但酯化型膽固醇在高膽固醇飲食中仍以黃豆油組較低。組織中的脂肪酸反映於飼料中肪酸的組成，在含高膽固醇飼料時，會減少血漿及肝臟中花生四烯酸的量。這些結果顯示，近似吾人飲食的脂肪組成不會使血膽固醇濃度升高，但仍然會改變體內脂肪酸組成。
並列摘要
Fatty acid composition which is similar to human diet has been used to study on lipid metabolism in laboratory rats. Forty two male Sprague Dawley rats aged 5 weeks were fed a semipurified diets containing 15% soybean oil, lard or blended fat (50/50 soybean oil and lard), with or without 1% cholesterol for 4 weeks. Cholesterol concentration in plasma was higher in lard group than that of soybean oil group irrespective of cholesterol supplementation, but there was no difference in plasma cholesterol between animals fed blended fat and soybean oil. Rats fed diets without cholesterol tended to have higher concentration of triacylglycerol in plasma than that of rats fed cholesterol-enriched diets. Plasma phospholipid were comparable in all groups. The total cholesterol, free cholesterol, triacylglycerol or phospholipid concentrations in liver were similar among rats fed cholesterol-free diets. Liver cholesterol and triacylglycerol in rats fed cholesterol-enriched diet were higher than that of cholesterol-free counterparts, whereas phospholipid in liver was less in animals fed high cholesterol containing diets. The dietary fat was reflected on the fatty acid compostition of plasma and liver. The concentration of arachidonic acid in plasma and liver of rats decreased significantly by adding cholesterol to diets. These results suggest that fat composition of common diet did not cause hypercholesterolemia, however, did alter fatty acid composition of plasma and liver.
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