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The Folate Status in Taiwanese Population from the NAHSIT 1993-1996

國民營養健康狀況變遷調查-葉酸之營養狀況

摘要


本研究對象為民國八十二年七月至八十五年六月進行之「國民營養健康狀況變遷調查」之第一年血漿與紅血球的血樣,包括4歲以上人數1929人(男916人,女1013人)。採用微生物法和化學冷光測定法,測定血漿葉酸與紅血球葉酸濃度,對國人葉酸營養狀況作一評估。結果顯示,男性瀕臨缺乏的盛行率以13歲年齡層最高。男性只有約58%和女性約72%血漿葉酸在正常值範圍,瀕臨缺乏率也以男性較女性為高,並隨年齡增而瀕臨缺乏率增加。若以臺灣地區不同行政區來區分,山地地區的血漿葉酸缺乏與瀕臨缺乏之盛行率最高,得以紅血球葉酸含量評估,則葉酸缺乏率以東部地區最高,瀕臨缺乏率以澎湖的最高。為探討與飲食的相關性,以富含葉酸的食物種類的每週攝食頻率與血漿或紅血球葉酸濃度作相關性分析。結果顯示,深緣色蔬菜、新鮮蔬菜、柑橘、水果類、瓜類、醃漬蔬菜、海藻等的攝取可能有益於葉酸的營養狀況。此外,在本研究中,血漿葉酸濃度與血壓有負相關性,尢其是收縮壓,因此,葉酸的營養狀況與其血管相關疾病之關係是值得繼續探討和注意的問題。

並列摘要


To investigate the folate status of the Chinese in Taiwan, the plasma and red blood cell (RBC) folate levels were measured in this study. The blood samples were collected from 1993 to 1996 when the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT) was carried out. Subjects of both sex, aged 4 years old and above representing the population in Taiwan were studied. Folate contents in plasma and RBC collected in the first year were measured by both microbiological assay and chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Both the average plasma and RBC folate in male were significantly (P<0.05) lower than those of female (8.2±4.1 vs. 11.1±4.6ng/ml plasma; 504±244 vs. 589±234ng/ml RBC). The population aged from 13 to 18 had the poorest folate status among all age groups. Only 58% male and 72% female adolescents had normal plasma folate levels. The percentage of marginal deficiency was higher in male group compared to female group and increased with age. The percentage of folate deficiency and marginal deficiency with low plasma folate was highest in the population of mountain area. People living in east coast and Penghu islands had higher percentages of RBC folate deficiency and marginal deficiency, respectively. The correlation between plasma and RBC folate levels and the dietary frequency of folate-rich food suggested that increased intakes of dark green vegetables, fresh vegetables, citric fruits, other fruits, squash, pickled vegetables and seaweed may have beneficial effect on folate status. In addition, plasma folate levels were reciprocally correlated with systol1c pressure in this study. Therefore, whether dietary folate intake and folate status play a role in vascular disease in Taiwanese population remains of interest to be investigated and explored.

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