論莊子與張載的“氣”概念

The Conception of "Chi" in Chuang Tzu and Chang Tsai

陳政揚(Cheng-Yang Chen)

《東吳哲學學報》 12期 (2005/08) Pp. 127-166

https://doi.org/10.29732/SJPS.200508.0004

摘要

本文將以三個論題討論之：首先，說明莊子通過「氣」概念所要處理的問題。在莊子哲學中，「氣」概念不僅是用以說明天地萬物的流轉變化，而且是一種「虛而待物」的工夫境界，用以消融世人對生死、美惡、得失、毀譽之執迷，使生命重歸物我皆榮的美好境界。其次，探究張載「太虛即氣」之說。張載駁斥佛老思想將天人二判，而以氣之流行相盪彰顯儒者所言天道性命通貫為一之理。最後，由氣化觀、修養論與生死觀三部分，析論莊子與張載「氣」概念之異同。

關鍵字

太虛 ； 陰陽 ； 物化 ； 生死觀

並列摘要

This paper develops its argument in three stages. First, we outline the formation of Chuang Tzu's theory of ch'i. For Chuang Tzu, the conception of ch'i not only underlies and describes the natural process of change, but the spontaneity of ch'i also underlies and suggests his spontaneous approach to
cultivation (by non-cultivation). Second, we explore Chang Tsai's claim, ”tai-hsü ji ch'i” (the great emptiness is just ch'i). Finally, we compare Chuang Tzu and Chang Tsai's conceptions of ch'i in the contexts of their cosmologies, approaches to self-cultivation, and views of life and death. Through this three-stage study and comparison of Chuang Tzu and Chang Tsai's conceptions of ch'i, we hope to reveal the rich content of their thought.

並列關鍵字

Tai –Hsu ； Yin-Yang ； Wu-hua ； View of Life and Death

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