Cement-retained implant prostheses have been widely used in the clinics. However, few studies concerned about the potential influences on the implant-bone interface in cement selection and crown removal for the retrievability. In this study, one uniaxial strain gage along with a Nobel Biocare implant fixture was embedded in photoelastic resin block as the testing model. A CeraOne abutment was then secured on the fixture, and 24 cementretained implant crowns with occlusal loop were fabricated. Two dental luting cements, ZOE and zinc phosphoate, were applied to cement the crowns. The peak strain readings from the gage were recorded when implant crowns were removed with different methods, including removing by a universal testing machine at 10 mm/min and 1000 mm/min crosshead speeds, and simulating clinical crown removal with a crown remover engaged in the occlusal loop. The results showed that removing crowns cemented with zinc phosphate revealed higher strain level around implant compared with that of the ZOE cement. Removing crowns in higher speed showed less strain around implant fixture significantly (p<0.05). While removing implant crown with a crown remover showed highest removing speed and least peri-implant strain in this study. To preserve the retrievability of cement-type implant crowns, less retentive cement should be used initially and followed by the progressive cementation technique. In case the cemented implant crown needs to be retrieved, the quick backstroke force in vertical direction should be applied in the clinical practice to reduce the potential risk of peri-implant strains generated during crown removal.
Cement-retained implant prostheses have been widely used in the clinics. However, few studies concerned about the potential influences on the implant-bone interface in cement selection and crown removal for the retrievability. In this study, one uniaxial strain gage along with a Nobel Biocare implant fixture was embedded in photoelastic resin block as the testing model. A CeraOne abutment was then secured on the fixture, and 24 cementretained implant crowns with occlusal loop were fabricated. Two dental luting cements, ZOE and zinc phosphoate, were applied to cement the crowns. The peak strain readings from the gage were recorded when implant crowns were removed with different methods, including removing by a universal testing machine at 10 mm/min and 1000 mm/min crosshead speeds, and simulating clinical crown removal with a crown remover engaged in the occlusal loop. The results showed that removing crowns cemented with zinc phosphate revealed higher strain level around implant compared with that of the ZOE cement. Removing crowns in higher speed showed less strain around implant fixture significantly (p<0.05). While removing implant crown with a crown remover showed highest removing speed and least peri-implant strain in this study. To preserve the retrievability of cement-type implant crowns, less retentive cement should be used initially and followed by the progressive cementation technique. In case the cemented implant crown needs to be retrieved, the quick backstroke force in vertical direction should be applied in the clinical practice to reduce the potential risk of peri-implant strains generated during crown removal.
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