土肉桂造林木之精油收率及成分分析

The Yields and Composition Analyses of Essential Oils from Planting Cinnamomun Osmophloeum Kaueh

王振瀾(Chen-Lan Wang)

《林業試驗所研究報告季刊》 2卷2期 (1987/06) Pp. 129-144

https://doi.org/10.7075/BTFRI.198706.0129

摘要

本試驗採取新店華林場及陽明山鄒梅農場之土肉桂造林木葉試材，抽取其揮發性油，計算鮮重試材中之收率，並以毛細管氣相層析加質譜分析鑑定其主成分。由結果得知，精油收率最高達2.1%（華林之H7號樣品），最低爲0.43%（鄒梅之T2樣品）；平均收率則華林爲1.1%，鄒梅爲0.77%。成分分析方，中部種源樣品之桂皮醛多高於50%，南部種源僅在面15%-25%左右，與母樹之含量變異相符。然而，香豆素含量普遍偏低，此與中部種源性質符合，但與南部者有所出入。
採自中部蓮華池及南部扇平之天然生土肉桂，其葉部、幹皮及根皮之精油收率和主成分也分別測定和鑑定。結果顯示，各部位之收率順序爲根皮＞葉＞幹皮，最高者爲扇平之根皮2.4%。成分方面，葉部主要爲伽羅木醇（蓮華池54%，扇平24%），而桂皮醛爲蓮華池19%，扇平13%，香豆素則蓮華池7.2%，扇平21%，幹皮所含桂皮醛較葉部爲高，分別爲蓮華池51%，扇平31%。香豆素在扇平幹皮中達35%，而蓮華池者僅5.8%。至於根皮中，桂皮醛含量更高，蓮華池者平均82%，扇平者平均38%，香豆素在扇平根皮中有20%，蓮華池1.6%。

關鍵字

土肉桂造林木 ； 毛細管氣相層析 ； 質譜分析 ； 精油收率 ； 精油成分

並列摘要

The leaf samples of planting Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh, from Farm Hwa-Lin at 1-Isin-tien and Farm Tsou-mei at Yang-ming San were collected and extracted to get the volatile oils. The yields of oil from each fresh sample was calculated, and the main components were analyzed and identified with CGC/MS. It was shown that the highest oil-yield was 2.1% from sample H7 of Hwa-Lin, while the lowest was 0.43% from T2 of Tsou-mei. The average yields from samples of Hwa-Lin and Tsou-mei were 1.1% and 0.77% respectively. From the composition analyses of essential oils, it was found that the samples of Central Taiwan's Provenances contained high concentration of Cinnamic aldehyde (＞50%) and low amount of Coumarin, consistent with their mother trees' properties. But, the contents of southern Taiwan's provenances were not consistent with the characters of their mother trees, especially the unexpected low concentration of Coumarin.
The samples of leaf, stem bark, and root bark of natural standing C. Osmophloeum were collected from Lien-Hwa-Chi (denoted as L) and Shan-pin (denoted as 5), sited at Nan-Tou and Kao-Hsiung respectively. The yields of essential oils were determined to be in the sequency of root bark＞leaf＞stem bark, with the highest of 2.4% from Shan-pin's root bark. The compositions of individual parts may be shown as the following:
Leaf-Linalool (L. 54%, S. 24%)
Coumarin (L. 7.2%, S. 21%)
Cinnamic aldehyde (L. 19%, S. 13%)
Stem bark-Cinnamic aldehyde (L. 51%, S. 31%); Coumarin (L. 6%, S. 35%)
Root bark-Cinnamic aldehyde (L. 82%, S. 38%) Coumarin (L. 1.6% S. 20%)

並列關鍵字

Planting Cinnamomum osmophloeum ； Capillary Gas Chromatograph ； Mass Spectrometry ； Yields of Esseotial Oils ； Compositions of Essential Oils