自主與依賴：比較反核四運動與反美濃水庫運動中的政治交換模式

Autonomy and Dependency: Kongliao Anti-nuclear Movement and Meinung Anti-dam Movement to Construct two Ideal Types in Political Exchange

何明修(Ming-Sho Ho)

《臺灣社會學刊》 Issue 30 (2003/06) Pp. 1-49

https://doi.org/10.6786/TJS.200306.0001

Abstracts

社運組織的重要任務之一，即是將累積的社會力轉化成爲政治力。要達成這個目的，社會運動需要在既有的政治勢力中尋找聯盟者，以建立一套政治交換關係。本文分析美濃反水庫運動與貢寮反核四運動之個案，試圖建立政治交換關係的自主與依賴的理念類型。在自主的情境之下，社運組織較有能力獨立設定自己的策略，而不受到聯盟政黨的限制。相對地，依賴的社會運動則是處於一種不對等的情境中，沒有具有自行擴張與實現目標的能力。本研究試圖提出一套因果解釋的架構，分析自主與依賴的形成過程。(1)社會運動的起源，(2)社運組織所掌獲的資源，此兩項因素是具有關鍵性的。另一方面，不同政治交換關係也表現在動員框架的差異。最後，本文將要重新思考社會運動自主性的意義。

Keywords

社會運動 ； 政治交換 ； 政黨 ； 運動資源 ； 自主性

Parallel abstracts

Among the tasks of social movement organizations, to transform the accumulated social support into political force is critical. To reach this goal, social movement has to find an established political ally and to build a workable relation of political exchange. This essay analyzes Meinung anti-dam movement and Kongliao anti-nuclear movement in order to construct two ideal types in political exchange, i.e., autonomy and dependency. Asocial movement is autonomous insofar it can independently decide its strategy with little constraint from the allied party. A dependent movement, on the contrary, faces an unequal relation and does not possess the capacity to expand and realize the goal by its own strength. This essay tries to present a causal explanation for the different political exchange types. Two factors, the origin of social movement and the resources of social movement organization, turn out to be explanatory. Different types of political exchange are also manifest in mobilization frames. In the end, this essay further reflects on the significance of movement autonomy.

Parallel keywords

Social movement ； political exchange ； political party ； movement resource ； autonomy